Redescription and Geographical Distribution of a Rare Microteiid Lizard: Rhachisaurus brachylepis (Dixon, 1974) (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae).

Abstract

Rhachisaurus brachylepis is a poorly known lizard species that was described from Serra do Cipó in the southern portion of the Serra do Espinhaço (Espinhaço Mountain Range), Minas Gerais, Brazil. Almost 50 years after its original description, the species remains known from only a few specimens and brief comments in the literature. Here, we present new data on morphological variation (meristics, morphometrics, and color pattern) within the species on the basis of the reexamination of old specimens housed in herpetological collections and recently collected material. We also provide an emended diagnosis, as well as diagnostic characters relative to other genera of Brazilian gymnophthalmids. We provide additional information on the species’ geographical distribution and an updated distribution map, extending its range and filling in some gaps. We also establish the precise placement of the type locality. The new records of R. brachylepis indicate that the size of its geographical distribution is greater than previously thought. Further, we discuss the controversial record of the species from northern Brazil.