CECAV
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://bdc.icmbio.gov.br/handle/cecav/1
Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cavernas
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15 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item The role of turnover in structuring subterranean aquatic communities in Southeastern Brazil(2024) Zepon, Tamires; Bichuette, Maria ElinaSimilarly to other animal communities, the diversity of subterranean aquatic fauna is influenced by several factors and processes, such as habitat fragmentation, dispersion, environmental heterogeneity, and physical and chemical water characteristics. Here, we studied cave aquatic communities of the Alto Ribeira hydrographic basin, regarding troglobitic and non-troglobitic species, located in a single karst area to evaluate the influence of sub-basins in fauna differentiation. We investigated how abiotic variables (flow, electrical conductivity, temperature, pH, and substrate) influence the fauna composition and the contribution of beta diversity components (nestedness and turnover) in explaining communities’ dissimilarities. Fauna composition differed between sub-basins, as most species did not co-occur in different caves. Caves with higher flow and substrate diversity were the richest. In addition, each cave community was influenced by a unique set of abiotic variables. Dissimilarity among caves was mainly explained by turnover, and our findings suggest the restricted species distribution could be due to ecological (e.g., limited dispersion capacity, tolerance to abiotic variables), hydrogeological (e.g., dispersion barriers, isolation of sub-basins), and historical (e.g.,colonization, paleoclimatic events) factors and processes. Therefore, different elements are responsible for determining the composition of cave aquatic communities in different sub-basins, reflecting the variability within a single karst area.Item How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity(2023-12-11) Machado, Fabrizio M.; Miranda, Marcel S.; Salvador, Rodrigo B.; Pimenta, Alexandre D.; Côrtes, Mariana O.; Gomes, Jaime A.J.; Miyahira, Igor C.; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.; Caetano, Carlos H.S.; Coelho, Paulo R.S.; D’Ávila, Sthefane; Arruda, Eliane P. de; Almeida, Sérgio M. de; Gomes, Suzete R.; Alvim, Juliana; Galvão-Filho, Hilton; Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto L.; Marques, Rodrigo C.; Martins, Inês; de Souza, Leonardo S.; Arruda, Janine O.; Cavallari, Daniel C.; Santos, Sonia B. dos; Pedro, Natan C.; Salles, Anna C. de A.; Dornellas, Ana P.S.; Lima, Tarcilla C. de; Amaral, Vanessa S. do; Silva, Fernanda S.; Passos, Flávio D.; Thiengo, Silvana S.; Leite, Tatiana S.; Simone, Luiz R.L.The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.Item A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000(2022-06-17) Bueno, Alessandra Angélica de Pádua; Bichuette, Maria Elina; Zepon, Tamires; Penoni, Ludmila RochaWe propose a new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975, with data on its distribution, ecology, aspects of behavior, and conservation status. Spelaeogammarusginae sp. nov. occurs in a single cave in the Serra do Ramalho karst area, of the northeastern Brazilian semi-arid region. We also provide new data on the distribution and conservation status of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000 that occurs in the upper phreatic aquifer inside caves from Chapada Diamantina domain. Both species occur in caves in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil.Item A new species of Spelunconiscus (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Styloniscidae) for Brazilian caves: new record for the type species and an emended diagnosis for the genus(2022) Bastos-Pereira, Rafaela; Souza, Leila Aparecida ; Sandi, Beatriz ; Ferreira, RodrigoSpelunconiscus Campos-Filho, Araujo and Taiti, 2014 is a monotypic genus of the family Styloniscidae represented by a troglobitic species, Spelunconiscus castroi Campos-Filho, Araujo and Taiti, 2014, from the cave MOC-32, in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. New representatives of this family were found in three additional caves, which revealed a new species, Spelunconiscus septemlacuum sp. nov., from Taboa and Tatuzinhos caves and a new occurrence for the type-species in Retiro cave. The original diagnosis of Spelunconiscus is emended due to the discovery of a spur-like structure in the male pereopod VII ischium, as well as some supplementary traits that have not been previously considered. Spelunconiscus septemlacuum sp. nov. differs from S. castroi in the number of articles of the antennal flagellum, in the proportion between this flagellum and 5th article of peduncle of antenna, in the size of maxilliped endite, in the morphology of male pleopod II and in body size. A discussion is provided for both taxonomic and ecological concerns.Item The Água Clara cave system in Northeastern Brazil: the richest hotspot of subterranean biodiversity in South America(2023-06-09) Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes; Berbert-Born, Mylène; Souza-Silva, MarconiThe Água Clara Cave System (ACCS) in Brazil is the richest hotspot of subterranean biodiversity in South America. In this study, we present an updated list of cave-restricted species in the ACCS and compare it with previously published hotspots in Brazil. Our list of cave-obligate fauna comprises 31 species, including 23 troglobionts and 8 stygobionts. The exceptional diversity of the ACCS can be attributed to factors related to the high dispersal potential of cave fauna within the system, high surface productivity, and the large size of the cave system size. Notably, we observed highly troglomorphic species in the ACCS, some of which are the most troglomorphic species in their respective groups in Brazil. The huge volume of galleries, high humidity, and trophic conditions prevailing in the ACCS may have played a role in shaping the strong troglomorphic traits observed in these species. However, all the obligate cave species in the ACCS require conservation attention and are at an elevated risk of extinction due to their limited ranges, few occurrences, and many potential threats. This study sheds light on the biodiversity and conservation status of cave-restricted fauna in the ACCS and highlights the importance of protecting these unique ecosystems.Item O primeiro registro de um Kinnaridae cavernicolous do Velho Mundo (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Fulgoromorpha, Kinnaridae, Adolendini) fornece testemunhos de uma antiga fauna.(2021-01-11) Hoch, Hannelore; Sendra, Alberto; Montagud, Sergio; Teruel, Santiago; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesA new obligately cavernicolous species in the planthopper family Kinnaridae is described from Spain. This is the first record of a cavernicolous kinnarid from the Old World, and the first record of a troglobitic fulgoromorphan hemipteran from mainland Spain, and also the 7th cavernicolous kinnarid species worldwide. Epigean Kinnaridae are not known from the present-day fauna of the Iberian Peninsula nor from Western Europe at large. The new species is regarded as a relict from an ancient fauna which is now extinct. The new cavernicolous species could not be assigned to any of the existing genera, thus a new genus is established. Molecular data (COI barcode sequence) for the new species are presented. For the first time, a detailed description of the nymphal morphology of a kinnarid is provided. Information on its ecology, behaviour, distribution and conservation status is given, and biogeographic implications are discussed.Item Eupera troglobia sp. nov.: the first troglobitic bivalve from the Americas (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Sphaeriidae)(2022-04-13) Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesEupera troglobia sp. nov. is the first fully described troglobitic bivalve discovered in the Americas, and possibly the second in the world. The troglobitic designation is based on the lack of pigmentation, reduction in size and shell thickness, and large and few offspring. Unlike its relatives that live in the roots of the water hyacinth, this new species is attached to the walls of the caves with a byssus. The anatomical study shows some peculiarities in comparison with the congeners, especially the simplicity of the foot, the siphons and the gut. This discovery is a new contribution to the efforts for the conservation of subterranean habitats in Brazil.Item Under the surface: what we know about the threats to subterranean fishes in Brazil(2021-03) Bichuette, Maria Elina; Eduardo Gallão, JonasThe present work brings information on threats to the subterranean fishes in Brazil. Currently, at least 36 species are known, 22 of which are already formally described. Endemism is the rule for most of them. Regarding their conservation, these fishes are in general considered threatened: and most of the already formally described species are included in national lists of threatened fauna, and only four of them are included in the global list of the IUCN. Regarding habitats, Brazilian subterranean fishes occur in alluvial sediments (part of the hyporheic zone), shallow base-level streams, flooded caves, lakes in the water table, upper vadose tributaries, and epikarst aquifers. We detected 11 main threats, mainly related to agriculture, pasture, and hydroelectric plans, but unmanaged tourism and pollution are also significant threats. Two threats affect a high number of species (physical change of the habitat and food restriction). The river basins with the higher number of identified threats are the upper Tocantins (eight) followed by the upper Paraguaçu (six). Effective proposals to protect this neglected component of the Brazilian biodiversity are still scarce, such as monitoring projects and their function in the subterranean communities, besides education projects aiming to develop public awareness.- New records of the troglobitic Hyalella veredae Cardoso & Bueno, 2014 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Hyalellidae) from Minas Gerais caves, southeast Brazil, with notes on its natural history(2021-01-18) Zepon, Tamires; Resende, Leonardo; Bueno, Alessandra Angélica de Pádua ; Bichuette, Maria ElinaSince its description, the troglobitic amphipod Hyalella veredae Cardoso & Bueno, 2014 has been recorded only in its type locality, Vereda da Palha cave, in southeastern Brazil. We report this species from three other caves in the region, expanding its distribution by at least 20 km². Inter- and intra-population variability in eye size was observed. Two caves had larger populations, probably due to the presence of biofilm. The species was classified as Critically Endangered due to its restricted area of occurrence, and regional impacts and threats.
Item New records of the troglobitic Hyalella veredae Cardoso & Bueno, 2014 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Hyalellidae) from Minas Gerais caves, southeast Brazil, with notes on its natural history(2021-01-18) Elina Bichuette, Maria; A. P. Bueno, Alessandra; P. A. Resende, Leonardo; Zepon, TamiresSince its description, the troglobitic amphipod Hyalella veredae Cardoso & Bueno, 2014 has been recorded only in its type locality, Vereda da Palha cave, in southeastern Brazil. We report this species from three other caves in the region, expanding its distribution by at least 20 km². Inter- and intra-population variability in eye size was observed. Two caves had larger populations, probably due to the presence of biofilm. The species was classified as Critically Endangered due to its restricted area of occurrence, and regional impacts and threats.