CECAV
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://bdc.icmbio.gov.br/handle/cecav/1
Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cavernas
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143 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item The ticking clock in the dark: review of biological rhythms in cave invertebrates(2024-05-09) de Souza, Priscila Emanuela; Souza-Silva, Marconi; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesCircadian clocks, internal mechanisms that generate 24-hour rhythms, play a crucial role in coordinating biological events with day-night cycles. In light-deprived environments such as caves, species, particularly isolated obligatory troglobites, may exhibit evolutionary adaptations in biological rhythms due to light exposure. To explore rhythm expression in these settings, we conducted a comprehensive literature review on invertebrate chronobiology in global subterranean ecosystems, analyzing 44 selected studies out of over 480 identified as of September 2023. These studies revealed significant taxonomic diversity, primarily among terrestrial species like Coleoptera, with research concentrated in the United States, Italy, France, Australia, and Brazil, and a notable gap in African records. Troglobite species displayed a higher incidence of aperiodic behavior, while troglophiles showed a robust association with rhythm expression. Locomotor activity was the most studied aspect (>60%). However, approximately 4% of studies lacked information on periodicity or rhythm asynchrony, and limited research under constant light conditions hindered definitive conclusions. This review underscores the need to expand chronobiological research globally, encompassing diverse geographical regions and taxa, to deepen our understanding of biological rhythms in subterranean species. Such insights are crucial for preserving the resilience of subsurface ecosystems facing threats like climate change and habitat loss.Item Before it’s too late: priority areas for conservation of cryptic and threatened species of troglobitic arthropods in the Brazilian semiarid(2024-04-18) Bento, Diego de Medeiros; Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes; Vasconcelos, Santelmo; Lima, Jamily Lorena Ramos de; Oliveira, Guilherme; Silva, Tiago Castro; Lima, Sergio Maia QueirozOne of the most important steps in identifying priority areas for conservation is the assessment of species richness and their extinction risks. While most species remain undescribed, the identification of cryptic lineages is frequent in phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies. This is particularly common in troglobites, exclusively subterranean organisms. The Jandaíra Formation, in the Brazilian semiarid, combines the occurrence of extensive karstic areas with hundreds of caves and subterranean aquifers in a region with intense paleoclimatic changes. This region is recognized for the richness of troglobitic species, some of which are widely distributed in heterogeneous areas. This suggests cryptic lineages that can be differentially exposed to anthropogenic threats, with distinct extinction risks regarding the nominal taxa of which they putatively belong. To test it, a large sampling was conducted and, by means of lineage delimitation analyses, the genetic structure of four troglobitic taxa, three aquatic and one terrestrial, was evaluated. In addition, the extinction risk of these lineages was assessed and priority areas for conservation were identified. The results indicated that while Cirolanidae sp. 1 (Isopoda) is a single species widely distributed, Cirolanidae sp. 2, Potiberaba porakuara (Amphipoda) and Kinnapotiguara troglobia (Hemiptera) present an extensive diversity of cryptic and endemic lineages, most of which are likely new threatened species. Furthermore, two priority areas for conservation of these lineages were identified. Thus, comparative phylogeography may represent a first step in the conservation of subterranean taxa, indicating areas that should be prioritized in a context of increasing threats and dwindling conservation resources.Item Two new troglobitic species of Iansaoniscus from Brazilian caves (Crustacea, Isopoda, Pudeoniscidae)(2022-06-14) Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli; Bastos-Pereira, Rafaela; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesIansaoniscus species are troglobitic terrestrial isopods of the Pudeoniscidae family. In this work two new species are described from caves in the Bahia state, northeastern Brazil; I. leilae sp. nov. from Toca do Gonçalo cave, in the municipality of Campo Formoso; and I. paulae sp. nov. from Lapa do Bode cave in the municipality of Itaeté. Additionally, ecological notes and conservation status are provided for both new species.Item A Highly Troglomorphic New Genus of Sminthuridae (Collembola, Symphypleona) from the Brazilian Semiarid Region(2022-07-19) Souza, Paolla Gabryelle Cavalcante de; Medeiros, Gleyce da Silva; Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes; Souza-Silva, Marconi; Bellini, Bruno CavalcanteHere, we describe the highly troglomorphic Troglobentosminthurus gen. nov. from Água Clara cave system, Caatinga domain, Bahia, Brazil. Troglobentosminthurus luridus gen. nov. sp. nov. has remarkably long antennae, legs and furca, and lacks body pigments, except for small orange eye patches which also show a reduction in the number of eyes (5 + 5) and lens sizes. The overall morphology of the genus, with long and highly sub-segmented antennae, resembles other Sminthurinae of the Temeritas-group, especially Temeritas Richards and Galeriella Ćurčić and Lučić. However, it is unique, especially in the combination of the number of antennae IV subsegments and eyes, frontal head chaetotaxy and empodial complex morphology. Two type specimens have remnants of a mite and another specimen from the new species in their gut contents, supporting the species may be occasional predators and even cannibals. We also provide identification keys and comparative tables to the subfamilies of Sminthuridae and the Temeritas-group of genera.Item Three new troglobitic Coarazuphium (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Zuphiini) species from a Brazilian hotspot of cave beetles: exploring how the environmental attributes of caves drive ground-beetle niches(2022-06-10) Pellegrini, Thais Giovannini; Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes; Zampaulo, Robson de Almeida; Vieira, LetíciaThree new species of troglobitic beetles of the genus Coarazuphium are described from specimens collected in iron ore caves in the Flona de Carajás in Brazil, doubling the number of known species for the Carajás region. The new species of Coarazuphium are morphologically similar to the already described species from the same region and are distributed in a small geographic range. From all Coarazuphium species of the region, including the new ones, two stand out, C. spinifemur and C. xingu sp. nov., which are the smallest Coarazuphium species. Both species have shorter legs and antennae when compared to the others. The main characteristic that differentiates C. xikrin sp. nov. and C. kayapo sp. nov. from the other two species from the Carajás region, C. tapiaguassu and C. amazonicum, is that the new species have more numerous setigerous punctures dorsally on the head. With the three new species added to the six already described congeners, the area of intense mining of the Carajás region includes the highest diversity of obligatory cave-dwelling beetles in Brazil, representing a hotspot of cave beetles. Coarazuphium xikrin sp. nov. and C. amazonicum co-occur in some of the caves of the Carajás region, which is possible due to putative niche differentiation between the species. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining legal provisions that ensure the preservation of caves, especially those most relevant regarding physical and biotic aspects, which is crucial for the conservation of Brazilian subterranean biodiversity.Item New troglobitic species of Pectenoniscus Andersson, 1960 (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Styloniscidae) from Bahia state, Brazil(2023-07-18) Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesFive new species of Pectenoniscus are described from Bahia state: Pectenoniscus monsviridis n. sp. and Pectenoniscus revelatus n. sp. from Serra do Ramalho Karst area; Pectenoniscus archaeos n. sp. and Pectenoniscus sepultus n. sp. from Serra de Iuiú Karst area; and Pectenoniscus caesarius n. sp. from Campo Formoso Karst area. Additional notes are provided on their habitats and threats.Item The Água Clara cave system in Northeastern Brazil: the richest hotspot of subterranean biodiversity in South America(2023-06-09) Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes; Berbert-Born, Mylène; Souza-Silva, MarconiThe Água Clara Cave System (ACCS) in Brazil is the richest hotspot of subterranean biodiversity in South America. In this study, we present an updated list of cave-restricted species in the ACCS and compare it with previously published hotspots in Brazil. Our list of cave-obligate fauna comprises 31 species, including 23 troglobionts and 8 stygobionts. The exceptional diversity of the ACCS can be attributed to factors related to the high dispersal potential of cave fauna within the system, high surface productivity, and the large size of the cave system size. Notably, we observed highly troglomorphic species in the ACCS, some of which are the most troglomorphic species in their respective groups in Brazil. The huge volume of galleries, high humidity, and trophic conditions prevailing in the ACCS may have played a role in shaping the strong troglomorphic traits observed in these species. However, all the obligate cave species in the ACCS require conservation attention and are at an elevated risk of extinction due to their limited ranges, few occurrences, and many potential threats. This study sheds light on the biodiversity and conservation status of cave-restricted fauna in the ACCS and highlights the importance of protecting these unique ecosystems.Item A new troglophilic species of Erebonyx (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from Brazilian caves(2022-12-16) Merlo, Rayanne Lays Sant'ana ; Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio ; Bento, Diego de Medeiros ; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesThe genus Erebonyx was proposed to accommodate a single troglobitic species from northeastern Brazil. A second cricket belonging to this genus is herein described, but although it was also found in caves, it does not bear any troglomorphic traits, suggesting it is a troglophilic species. The new species differs from the other species on the genus in the phallic sclerites, presence of developed eyes (with ommatidia), pigmented integument, and the presence of stridulatory file on the tegmina. In addition, we present the description of the external morphology, together with the staining and description of tegmina. Finally, we present a brief discussion regarding its habitat, distribution and possible conservation actions for the species.Item Persisting while changing over time: modelling the historical biogeographic of cave crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea) in Neotropics(2023) Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio; Sobral-Souza, Thadeu; Rabelo, Lucas Mendes; Zefa, Edison; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesUsing species distribution modelling (SDMs) techniques, we predicted the biogeographic history of crickets commonly found in Neotropical caves as a way to detect potential long-term environmental refuges in South America. Our models were built based on a thorough investigation of existing database regarding the genus Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Ensifera: Phalangopsidae) occurrences. The predictions of their distribution were obtained for two paleoclimate scenarios (LGM — 21 ka and Mid-Holocene — 6 ka), the current climate scenario (0 ka) and one future global warming climate scenario (RCP8.5, 2080–2100). Our findings suggest that in the past, the potential distribution of the crickets was wider, with potential forest corridors connecting different karst areas with caves within their occupancy area. The future prediction indicates a drastic reduction in their spatial distribution with an increased potential for isolation in subterranean ecosystems. Atlantic humid forest patches and caves represent the main environmental refuges for these crickets. Considering the ongoing impacts on surface environments and future climate change, the conservation of caves and karst landscapes has become one of the main strategies for the maintenance of these crickets and all the correlated subterranean communities.Item Expanding the taxonomic knowledge of Adelosgryllus Mesa & Zefa, 2004 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae): description of four new species for Brazilian subterranean habitats(2022-05-03) Merlo, Rayanne Lays Sant'ana; Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio ; Junta, Vitor Gabriel Pereira ; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesIn this study, four new Brazilian species are described for the genus Adelosgryllus Mesa & Zefa, 2004, occurring in Minas Gerais, Tocantins and Pará states. Three of these species were found in caves and one was found in endogenous habitats, representing the first record of species form this genus for such habitats. The morphology of the phallic complex was used as the main criterion for distinguishing the new species, the copulatory papilla was also described for one of the new species. Finally, we bring a brief discussion about the ecology, distribution, and conservation of these species.