BIOLOGIA SUBTERRÂNEA
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://bdc.icmbio.gov.br/handle/cecav/3
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Item The paleoichnofauna in bones of Brazilian Quaternary cave deposits and the proposition of two new ichnotaxa(2023-10-22) Trifilio, Lucas Henrique Medeiros da Silva; Araújo Júnior, Hermínio Ismael de; Porpino, Kleberson de OliveiraThe Quaternary vertebrate paleontology of the Brazilian Intertropical Region is well-known, but there are only a few publications on bone ichnology. In this paper, we analyzed trace fossils in 23 bones of the Gruna das Três Cobras, Complexo Suíço, and F3 caves, which are located in Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte states, in the Brazilian Intertropical Region. We discovered gnaw marks assigned to Machichnus and bite marks attributed to Nihilichnus, as well as insect modifications referring to single (Cuniculichnus, Gunnellichnus, Karethraichnus, and Osteocallis) and multiple behaviors (Munitusichnus, and Taotieichnus). Additionally, we proposed the new ichnospecies Nihilichnus sulcatus n. isp. (bite mark) and Cuniculichnus cascudoi n. isp. (insect feeding mark). Regarding the predation/scavenger marks, Protocyon troglodytes was the probable primary modification agent, but some traces may also be attributed to Smilodon populator and Caiman latirostris. Cuniculichnus, Karethraichnus, Munitusichnus, and Osteocallis are attributed to dermestids, whereas termites probably produced Gunnelichnus and Taotieichnus.Item CINGULATA OF THE ABISMO PONTA DE FLECHA CAVE (PLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE), RIBEIRA DE IGUAPE VALLEY, SOUTHEASTERN BRAZI(2022) CHAHUD, ARTUR; COSTA, PAULO RICARDO DE OLIVEIRA; OKUMURA, MERCEDESThe Ribeira de Iguape Valley, located in southeastern Brazil, is an important karstic region, presenting a large number of caves containing fossil and subfossil vertebrate materials. The Abismo Ponta de Flecha Cave is a complex vertical cave divided into galleries where a large amount of osteological material was collected. The cave acted as a natural trap for several taxa and possibly as a disposal site for ancient human communities. Osteoderms and appendicular bones assigned to two genera of Cingulata were identified in the faunal assemblage. The most abundant bone material belongs to the family Chlamyphoridae, genus Cabassous, represented by the living species C. tatouay and by remains of a larger, but little-known species, cf. C. antiquus. The other identified genus belongs to the family Dasypodidae: Dasypus sp. Evidence of human activity was characterized in only one C. tatouay bone, while the other specimens were considered as being of natural origin.Item Mammal Taphonomy in a Cave Deposit From Quaternary of Brazil(2022-03-03) Trifilio, Lucas Henrique Medeiros da Silva; de Araújo-Júnior, Hermínio Ismael; Porpino, Kleberson de Oliveira; Barbosa, Fernando Henrique de SouzaIn Brazil, the Quaternary caves of the Brazilian Intertropical Region (BIR) host important fossiliferous deposits of terrestrial vertebrates, whose fossil content is taxonomically well known. Here, we conducted a taphonomic analysis based on macroscopic and microscopic features of 543 specimens collected in the F3 cave, a fossiliferous deposit located in the municipality of Baraúna, northeast of Brazil. This deposit encompasses 17 taxa, but it is dominated by fossils of Eremotherium laurillardi. Most bones were buried in less than a year, but the taphonomic history of this deposit was governed by alternation of dry and wet cycles. This led us to recognize four taphonomic modes, that differ according to the climatic conditions in which the bones were preserved as well as the time interval between the accumulation and the final burial of the remains.- Isotopic paleoecology (δ13C) from mammals from IUIU/BA and paleoenvironmental reconstruction (δ13C, δ18O) for the Brazilian intertropical region through the late Pleistocene(2020-08-15) Dantas, Mário André Trindade; Missagia, Rafaela Velloso; Dutra, Rodrigo Parisi; Raugust, Tiago; Silva, Leandro Antônio da; Delicio, Maria Paula; Renó, Rodolfo; Cherkinsky, AlexanderStable isotopes of carbon and oxygen of fossil specimens are widely used for paleoecological and paleoenvironmental inferences, and there has been an effort to better understand the isotopic paleoecology and chronology of herbivores that inhabited the Brazilian Intertropical Region during the late Quaternary. In the present work, new radiocarbon datings and carbon and oxygen isotopes data for Eremotherium laurillardi, Notiomastodon platensis, Tapirus terrestris, Tayassu pecari, and Mazama gouazoubira are presented, from specimens that lived on Iuiu county (Toca Fria and Jatobá caves), state of Bahia, in the Brazilian Intertropical Region. E. laurillardi was dated as of ∼32 ka BP, representing the oldest direct dating for this species in the Brazilian Intertropical Region, while N. platensis was dated as of ∼25 ka BP. Fossils of the extant species T. pecari, M. gouazoubira, and T. terrestris presented radiocarbon ages of ∼23 ka BP, ∼21 ka BP, and ∼15 ka BP, respectively, showing that some of these species lived in Iuiu during the Last Glacial Maximum. According to our analyses, T. terrestris was the only specialist (δ13C = −11.0‰; piC3 = 0.76; BA = 0.49), whereas the remaining taxa were generalists mixed-feeders (δ13C = −1.3 to −10.0‰; piC3 = 0.24 to 0.69; BA > 0.58). The paleoenvironment reconstruction in Iuiu and other localities in BIR, during ∼32 ka BP to ∼15 ka BP, allow us to suggest that the dry arboreal to open Savanna habitats (rich in grass and shrubs) were the most common environment.