BIOLOGIA SUBTERRÂNEA
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://bdc.icmbio.gov.br/handle/cecav/3
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Item Cladistic analysis of the Brazilian troglobitic harvestmengenusIandumoemaPinto-da-Rocha (Opiliones:Gonyleptidae) with the description of three new species:a brief exercise over the use of troglomorphisms in cladisticanalysis(2020-06-26) Ázara, Ludson Neves de; Hara, Marcos Ryotara; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesFrom an ecological and evolutionary standpoint, troglobitic organisms are of special interest because theyhave evolved in, and are restricted to, the subterranean environment.IandumoemaPinto-da-Rocha, 1997 stands out forbeing the only Brazilian harvestmen genus with more than one troglobitic species, with three species described fromcaves in Minas Gerais state. Traditionally, testing the monophyly of troglobitic groups is more challenging than testinggroups that do not include troglobites. Many of their shared features might be the result of convergence or parallelismimposed by the cave environment, such as the absence of light, limited and infrequent availability of food resources andlow population density, among others. In the case ofIandumoema, this becomes even more difficult because the genus iscurrently included in the species-rich and polyphyletic subfamily Pachylinae. This study tested the monophyly of thistroglobitic genus and proposed thefirst phylogenetic hypothesis forIandumoemabased on cladistic analysis usingmorphological data. The analysis included all described species ofIandumoemaand three new troglobitic species:I. cuca, sp. nov. (type locality: Itacarambi, Gruta da Água do João Ferreira);I. gollum, sp. nov. (type locality: PresidenteJuscelino, Lapa D’Água); andI. stygia, sp. nov. (type locality: Montes Claros, Gruta do Cedro). The matrix comprises79 characters and 28 terminal taxa: six species ofIandumoema; 14 of Pachylinae; six from other Gonyleptidaesubfamilies; one species of Cosmetidae; and one of Metasarcidae. The cladistic analysis resulted in one parsimonioustree (339 steps, consistency index = 0.35, retention index = 0.56).Iandumoemais a monophyletic and well supportedgenus, nestled among Brazilian‘Pachylinae’. Three new species are described and an identification key and ecologicalremarks for all six species of the genusIandumoemais provided.- A cladistic analysis of the Brazilian troglobitic harvestmen genus Iandumoema Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) with the description of three new species(2019-07-03) de Ázara, Ludson; Hara, Marcos; Ferreira, Rodrigo; Gonzalo GiribetIandumoema was the third troglobitic (i.e., ecological-evolutionary concept denoting 16that the organism is restricted to the subterranean environment) genus of Brazilian harvestmen to be described. It is also the only troglobitic genus in Brazil with more than one species, comprising three described species, all from caves in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Traditionally, testing monophyly of troglobitic groups is difficult because many features shared by them might be result of convergence/parallelism due to the pressure of the cave environment. This issue, as well as comparative studies, is hindered because Iandumoema is also currently placed in the species rich and polyphyletic subfamily Pachylinae. In this work, we test the monophyly of this troglobitic genus and propose the first phylogenetic hypothesis for Iandumoema based on cladistic analysis using morphological data. The analysis included all described species of Iandumoema plus three new troglobitic species: I. cuca, sp. nov.(Itacarambi: Gruta da Água do João Ferreira), I. gollum, sp. nov. (Presidente Juscelino: Lapa D'Água) and I. stygia, sp. nov. (Montes Claros: Gruta do Cedro). The character matrix comprises 79 characters for 28 terminal taxa: six species of Iandumoema, 14 species of Pachylinae, six species from other Gonyleptidae subfamilies, one species of Cosmetidae and one species of Metasarcidae. The cladistic analysis using heuristic search retrieved one most parsimonious tree (339 steps, consistency index = 0.35, retention index = 0.56). Iandumoema is a monophyletic and well-supported genus, nested among Brazilian “Pachylinae”. The present work also provides an identification key and ecological 35remarks for all the six species of the genus Iandumoema.