GEOESPELEOLOGIA
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://bdc.icmbio.gov.br/handle/cecav/2
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Natural responses of Neoproterozoic dynamic karst springs to rainfall events, São Miguel Watershed, Minas Gerais, Brazil(2024-03-03) Marques, Tássia; Galvão, Paulo; Assunção, Pedro; Pandolf, Bruno; Marshall, Peter; Paiva, IsabelKarst aquifers consist of complex networks of conduits in which groundwater flows and recharge/discharge processes are generally more dynamic than in other types of aquifers. Due to their intrinsic heterogeneity and anisotropy, monitoring, quantifying, and analysing natural responses of karst springs is an efficient tool. Unlike Cenozoic and Mesozoic rocks, in Neoproterozoic karst systems, groundwater circulates and stores generally in dissolution features known as tertiary porosity, as the rock's primary porosity is recrystallized, considered negligible. This article studies the hydrodynamics of a karst portion of the São Miguel River basin, southwest of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The region is predominantly composed of Neoproterozoic carbonate rocks, dating from about 570 to 540 million years ago. During a hydrological year (2019–2020), three karst springs (S1, S2, and S3) were daily monitored through their natural responses (variations of electrical conductivity, EC, temperature, T, and discharge, Q) to rainfall episodes. The data were interpreted based on the analysis of spring hydrographs, time series, recession curves (seasonal and intra-annual), and statistics of EC, T, and Q variations. The results show the three springs generally exhibit quick flow, typically karstic, in the case of hydrosystems with a well-structured and functional underground drainage network. The time series indicate the hydrosystem drained by S1 presents slower circulation and a lower degree of linearity, resulting from the higher sinuosity of the system, while the hydrosystems of S2 and S3 have similar behaviours, of quick water circulations immediately after a rainy episode. The degrees of karstification classify S1 and S2 as complex and extensive karst systems consisting of several subsystems, and S3 as a system in which the conduit network is more developed at the upper epiphreatic zone than near the outlet.- Multi-criteria analysis for mapping susceptibility to iron formation caves development in the Gandarela mountain range (MG), southeast Brazil(2021-05) T.S. Nola, Iraydes; A.P. Bacellar, Luisn tropical regions, abundant in iron-rich geological materials, caves that are genetically and geographically associated with exploitable mineral deposits may develop. These caves have speleological relevance and are environmentally and legally protected in Brazil. Thus, for better planning of exploitation and environmental licensing, it is necessary to study the genesis and development of the iron formation caves seeking to preserve them without impeding the advancement of mining. This subject is complex, rarely studied, and few are the knowledges on alternatives to predict the occurrence of these caves. This gap justifies the development of research and products capable of assisting decision-makers, planners, and competent authorities in supporting the definition of target sites for speleological prospecting in the field. In this study, the prediction of the factors involved in the development of iron formation caves was evaluated producing a map of susceptibility in a GIS environment using fuzzy logic and an analytical hierarchic process (AHP). Therefore, the variables: iron oxide ratio, slope gradient, normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI), plan curvature, profile curvature, lineament intensity, and height above the nearest drainage (HAND) were selected. These variables were obtained by processing of geospatial data from a region of the Gandarela Range (Minas Gerais, Brazil). The fuzzy logic and AHP techniques were applied, and for the validation of the results, a previously surveyed cave inventory was used. The results showed satisfactory performance of the map produced in predicting areas favourable to the occurrence of iron formation caves, presenting an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of approximately 0.85, which indicates a high prediction rate and validates the proposed method. Such results demonstrate that this susceptibility map was reliable and that the set of criteria and weights used were suitable for mapping areas favorable for speleological prospecting.
Item Multi-criteria analysis for mapping susceptibility to iron formation caves development in the Gandarela mountain range (MG), southeast Brazil(2021-05-01) T.S. Nola, Iraydes; A.P. Bacellar, LuisIn tropical regions, abundant in iron-rich geological materials, caves that are genetically and geographically associated with exploitable mineral deposits may develop. These caves have speleological relevance and are environmentally and legally protected in Brazil. Thus, for better planning of exploitation and environmental licensing, it is necessary to study the genesis and development of the iron formation caves seeking to preserve them without impeding the advancement of mining. This subject is complex, rarely studied, and few are the knowledges on alternatives to predict the occurrence of these caves. This gap justifies the development of research and products capable of assisting decision-makers, planners, and competent authorities in supporting the definition of target sites for speleological prospecting in the field. In this study, the prediction of the factors involved in the development of iron formation caves was evaluated producing a map of susceptibility in a GIS environment using fuzzy logic and an analytical hierarchic process (AHP). Therefore, the variables: iron oxide ratio, slope gradient, normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI), plan curvature, profile curvature, lineament intensity, and height above the nearest drainage (HAND) were selected. These variables were obtained by processing of geospatial data from a region of the Gandarela Range (Minas Gerais, Brazil). The fuzzy logic and AHP techniques were applied, and for the validation of the results, a previously surveyed cave inventory was used. The results showed satisfactory performance of the map produced in predicting areas favourable to the occurrence of iron formation caves, presenting an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of approximately 0.85, which indicates a high prediction rate and validates the proposed method. Such results demonstrate that this usceptibility map was reliable and that the set of criteria and weights used were suitable for mapping areas favorable for speleological prospecting.