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URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://bdc.icmbio.gov.br/handle/cecav/1487
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Item MANAGEMENT UNITS: CHALLENGES TO PROMOTE UNDERSTANDING AND CONSERVATION OF MARINE TURTLES IN OCEANIC AREAS(2015) Sales, G.; Britto, M.; Fiedler, F.N.; Giffoni, B.; Domingo, A.; Leite, N.; Miller, PhilipThis document presents a discussion and some recommendations with regards to appropriate management units to promote the conservation of marine turtles in oceanic areas used by tuna longline fisheries under ICCAT. We comment on the utility of using Regional Management Units (RMUs) for marine turtles as proposed by Wallace et al. (2010). Per Wallace (2010 et al), RMUs refer to geographically explicit population segments, based on biogeographical data (e.g. nesting sites, genetics, telemetry) that can be applied to regionally appropriate management issues. RMUs are not intended to represent complete geographic distributions of species on global or regional scales, but rather distributions that are anchored to landmasses by known nesting site(s) and/or genetic stock origins and defined by biogeographical information. While RMUs are important to contribute to our understanding of key aspects of marine turtle populations, this analysis indicates that marine turtle RMUs do not cover all requirements to define management units to the ICCAT fisheries. Considering that the longline fishing are compose of different kind of fisheries, using distinct fishery strategies and operate in distinct at-sea regions, these fisheries interact with marine turtle mixed stocks in foraging and developmental areas. We recommend ICCAT adopt the “Fishery”as the principal concept to define Management Unit (rather than sea turtle RMUs) in order to understand and reduce marine turtle interactions in the ICCAT fisheriesItem Application of flow cytometry and gas chromatography to Study fibropapillomatosis in chelonia mydas (testudines, Cheloniidae) in brazil and their contributions for conservation of this species.(2012) ROSSI, S; SANCHEZ-SARMIENTO, A.M; VALE, L.A.S; GENOY-PUERTO, E. A; PRIOSTE, F.E.S; GATTAMORTA, M.A; KINOSHITA, D; HAZARBASSANOV, N.G.T.Q; BECKER, J.H; LIMA, E.H.S.M; BAPTISTOTTE, C; GOLDBERG, D.W; SANTOS, A.J.B; BORTOLON, L. F; MATUSHIMA, E. RItem Satellite-tracking Reveals Multiple Foraging Strategies and Threats for Olive ridley Turtles in Brazil(2011-12-20) SILVA, A. C. C. D.; dos SANTOS, E. A. P.; OLIVEIRA, F. L. C.; WEBER, M. I.; BATISTA, J. A. F.; SERAFINI, T. Z.; CASTILHOS, J. C.The state of Sergipe in northeastern Brazil is the largest nesting area for olive ridley turtles along this nation’s coast, and constitutes a major rookery in the western Atlantic as well. Conservation efforts with a focus on nesting activities have been implemented there since 1982, but little is known about other aspects of the life cycle, specifically post-nesting movements of females and the locations of foraging grounds. To address this issue, satellite transmitters were deployed on 10 females that nested between February and April 2006. The turtles were monitored for an average of 113 d (range: 14 to 297 d), and an average movement of 1669 km (range: 407 to 4265 km) was recorded. Of the 10 turtles monitored, 6 moved along the Brazilian continental shelf to neritic foraging areas. Five of these turtles utilized foraging areas along the northern and northeastern coasts of Brazil, while one foraged along the southeastern coastline. Two females were tracked to equatorial oceanic waters, with one first moving to an inshore foraging site where she remained for 34 d before migrating to oceanic waters off the Brazilian coast. Signal transmission of 3 of the 10 turtles tracked ceased during their post-nesting migrations, preventing identification of their feeding areas. Olive ridley turtles nesting on the coast of Sergipe displayed a range of post-nesting movements including to coastal sites along the continental shelf as well as offshore oceanic areas. Inter-nesting habitats, migration routes and foraging grounds showed great overlap with a variety of coastal fisheries, as well as with longline fishing in oceanic waters, a key consideration for developing conservation strategies for this species in the western Atlantic.- Nesting Biology and conservation of the leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) in Espírito Santo State, Brazil, 1988-1989 to 2003-2004.(Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 2007-05-01) THOMÉ, J. C. A; BAPTISTOTTE, C; MOREIRA, L. M. P; SCALFONI, J. T; ALMEIDA, A. P; RIETH, D. B; BARATA, P. C. RIn Brazil, the only area where regular leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) nesting is known to occur is located on the northern coast of the state of Espı´rito Santo, around latitude 198S. In this study, we present the field methods used by Projeto TAMAR-IBAMA (the Brazilian Sea Turtle Conservation Program) in the state of Espı´rito Santo and analyze data on leatherback nesting from 1988–1989 to 2003–2004. In that period, 527 nests were observed in the study area. The annual number of nests varied between 6 (in 1993–1994) and 92 (in 2002–2003). Between 1995–1996 and 2003–2004, the annual number of nests increased at about 20.4% per year on average. Among the 527 clutches observed, 358 (67.9%) were left in situ, 50 (9.5%) were relocated to another spot on the beach, 88 (16.7%) were relocated to open-air beach hatcheries, and 31 clutches (5.9%) did not have their management decision recorded. Curved carapace length of nesting females was in the range of 139–182 cm (mean ¼ 159.8 cm). At present, there is no significant alteration of the nesting habitat in Espı´rito Santo, egg poaching has been reduced to very low levels, and there is no subsistence hunting for sea turtles of any species. The main challenges to leatherback conservation currently are the incidental capture in artisanal fisheries operating close to nesting beaches and in high seas fisheries operating in the South Atlantic, as well as activities related to the oil industry. An overview of Projeto TAMAR’s actions addressing current sea turtle conservation issues in the State of Espı´rito Santo is presented.
- Reproductive biology and conservation status of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) in Espirito Santo State, Brazil.(2000) BAPTISTOTTE, C; THOMÉ, J. C. A; BJORNDAL, KThe reproductive biology of loggerheads nesting in Espírito Santo, Brazil, is evaluated for six nesting seasons (1991/1992 through 1996/1997), through data gathered by Projeto TAMAR-IBAMA, the Brazilian sea turtle conservation program. Mean curved carapace length of nesting females was 102.7 cm (n=198). Mean clutch size for clutches with more than 50 eggs was 119.7 (n=3664), and clutch size was significantly correlated with female body size. Management practices had significant effects on hatching success and incubation time. Mean hatching success of nests left in situ was 68.3% (n=879), of undepredated nests left in situ was 79.9% (n=751), and of nests moved to hatcheries and not depredated was 67.7% (n=2786). For nests moved to hatcheries, hatching success declined significantly with increasing time interval between oviposition and transfer to the hatchery. Mean incubation time was 59.5 days for nests left in situ (n=572) and 57.2 days for nests moved to hatcheries (n=2179). Incubation time declined significantly throughout the nesting season as temperatures increased; we conclude that sex ratio of hatchlings also shifts to more females as the season progresses. There was significant annual variation for all parameters. A short review of the conservation status of loggerheads in Espírito Santo State is also presented.
- SITAMAR:CONNECTING SEA TURTLES INFORMATION TO REACH BETTER CONSERVATION ACTIONS IN BRAZIL(2015-10-20) SANTOS, A. S.; MARCOVALDI, M.A.; LOPEZ, G.G.; WANDERLINDE, J.; TRENTIN, C.; GOLDBERG, D.W.; SILVA, B.M.G.; BECKER, J.H.; GIFFONI, B.; TORRES, D.; THOMÉ, J.C.A.; BAPTISTOTTE, C.; SFORZA, R.; RIETH, D. B.; TOGNIN, F.; LÓPEZ-MENDILAHARSU, M.; MAURUTTO, G.; LARA, P.H.; CASTILHOS, J.C. de; SILVA, C.C. da; MELO, M.T.D.; LIMA, E. H.S.M.; BARSANTE, A.; BELLINI, C.; SALES, G
- Adaptive threat management framework: Integrating people and turtles(Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015, 2015-09-23) Marcovaldi, Maria Ângela G. dei; Silva, Valéria R. F. da; Mitraud, Sylvia F.; Ferraz, Maria L. C. P.; Lima, Eduardo H. S. M.; Melo, Maria Thereza D.; Santos, Armando J. B.; Silva, Augusto César C. D. da; Castilhos, Jaqueline C. de; Batista, Jamyle A. F.; Lopez, Gustave G.; Tognin, Frederico; Thomé, João Carlos; Baptistotte, Cecília; Silva, Berenice M. Gomes da; Becker, José Henrique; Wanderline, Juçara; Pegas, Fernanda de Vasconcellos; Róstan, Gonzalo; Marcovaldi, Guy Guagni deiIn the 35 years since its inception, the Brazilian National Program for the Conservation of Marine Turtles (TAMAR) has had great success in protecting the five species of sea turtles that occur in Brazil. It has also contributed significantly to worldwide scientific data and knowledge about these species’ biology, such as life cycles and migration patterns. TAMAR’s conservation strategies have always relied on a variety of environmental education and social inclusion (EESI) activities highly adapted to the socioenvironmental evolving contexts of its 25 locations distributed across nine states. Diversity and flexibility are critical to enable timely and effective local responses to existing or potential threats to sea turtles. The intuitive, locally adapted, decentralized, and independent way EESI activities have been carried out have generated positive results in the resolution of specific and evolving local problems through the course of the project. This article brings EESI under the same conceptual framework that underlies its conservation approach by adopting an adaptive threat management framework to organize and qualify its educational and social inclusion interventions according to the main categories of threat addressed by TAMAR.
Item Green turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting on Atol das Rocas, north-eastern Brazil, 1990–2008(2012-04-25) Bellini, C.; Santos, A.J.B; Grossman, A.; Barata, P.C.R.; Marcovaldi, M.A.In this paper, information is presented on green turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting on Atol das Rocas (Rocas Atoll), north eastern Brazil. The temporal distribution of nesting events per season, annual number of nests, carapace length of nesting females, clutch size, hatching success, incubation period, internesting interval, clutch frequency, observed reproductive life span, and remigration period are reported. The study period included the nesting seasons from 1990 to 2008, but no regular beach monitoring was carried out in 1998 and 1999. Two sorts of methods were applied to the estimation of the annual number of nests in some seasons. Taking into account the estimated annual numbers of nests, the mean annual number of nests in the study period, excluding 1998–1999, was 335 (standard deviation ¼ 139, range ¼ 136–563, N ¼ 17). An analysis of the available data indicates that the average nesting levels at the beginning of the study period (the first five seasons) and at its end (the last five seasons) were roughly the same. The mean curved carapace length of the nesting turtles decreased significantly during the study period, from 115.9 cm in 1990–1992 to 112.9 cm in 2006 –2008. Atol das Rocas was established as a federal biological reserve in 1979, but regular sea turtle conservation activities actually started there in 1990. Since that year, the killing of nesting turtles has ceased, nesting activity by the turtles can proceed in an undisturbed fashion, and their clutches can incubate in a protected environment.Item Identification of loggerhead male producing beaches in the south Atlantic: Implications for conservation.(2016-01-04) ARCOVALDI, M.A.G.; LÓPES-MENDILAHARSU, M.; SANTOS, A.S; LOPEZ, G.G.; GODFREY, M.H.; TOGNIN, F.; BAPTISTOTTE, C.; THOMÉ, J.C.; DIAS, A.C.C.; CASTILHOS, J.C.; FUENTES, M.M.P.B.Concern over the potential impacts of increased temperature on marine turtles, which have temperature dependent sex determination, has resulted in an increase in research that predicts the sex ratio of marine turtle hatchlings under various scenarios of climate change. To accurately understand the projected impacts from global warming, it is necessary to understand the sex ratio baseline in advance of climate change. To address this, the primary sex ratio of loggerhead hatchlings, Caretta caretta, was estimated from incubation duration of 27,697 in situ nests from 21 nesting beaches used by two subpopulations of loggerhead turtles in Brazil over the last 25 years. A strong female bias (94%) was observed in all the areas used by the northern loggerhead stock, Sergipe (SE) and Bahia (BA), whereas a more balanced sex ratio (53% female) was estimated at the regions used by the southern loggerhead stock, Espirito Santo (ES) and Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Both inter-annual (SE: 83% to 99%, BA: 79. % to 98%, ES: 33% to 81%, RJ: 18% to 81%) and inter-beach variabilities (SE: 91% to 98%, BA: 89% to 96%, ES: 47% to 69%, RJ: 28% to 55%) in mean female offspring were observed. These findings provide evidence of persistent female bias in Brazil, and importantly identify male producing beaches and months, which will guide management decisions.