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- Alvo de mineradoras, parque goiano abre guerra por recursos do BNDES(2021-04-05) Almeida, CleomarMPGO e governo divergem sobre implementação de plano de manejo de parque de Terra Ronca, elaborado em 2003; unidade é famosa por cavernas
- An approach to map karst groundwater potentiality in an urban area, Sete Lagoas, Brazil(2020-09-28) Magnabosco, Rafael; Galvão, Paulo; de Carvalho, Ana MacielDue to complex hydrogeological contexts, mapping groundwater potential zones in karst regions is a difficult task. This study was conducted on a karst terrain in Sete Lagoas, Brazil, where rapid urban growth without adequate water resources management resulted in the drilling of unproductive wells and possible aquifer over-exploitation due to the concentration of wells. The objective was to develop a method for mapping groundwater potentiality for karst aquifers, serving as water resources management tool, based on 3D geological modelling, field work and pumping test data, remote sensing, geophysics analysis and production of thematic maps, resulting in the hydrogeological conceptual model. The groundwater potentiality map showed that most potential zones are on the central area, limited by grabens, where limestones are in contact with unconsolidated sediments, on areas with higher density of morphostructural and geophysical lineaments, mainly in east–west and north–east directions, near karst surface features, on thicker karstified zones, with higher recharge rates.
- An Exceptionally High Bat Species Richness in a Cave Conservation Hotspot in Central Brazil(2021) de Sousa Barros, Jennifer; Bernard, Enrico; Lopes Ferreira, RodrigoCaves are among the most used and important roosts for hundreds of bat species worldwide. However, caves remain some of the least known and most threatened environments globally. Documenting the richness of bat species in caves is important not only to draw attention to the uniqueness and relevance of these roosts, but it also contributes to the identification of priority sites for the conservation of bats and the cave fauna dependent upon them. Here, we assessed and described an exceptionally high bat richness in a group of caves in southeastern Tocantins, central Brazil. Inventories carried out in 19 caves resulted in seven families and 31 bat species, of which three were new regional records. Twelve caves were used by threatened and endangered bat species, eight had high diversity indices, and seven caves had high species richness, including one cave that may hold a world record with 26 bat species found inside. The variation in beta diversity is mainly due to species turnover, which indicates that protecting the largest possible number of caves would be ideal for the most efficient conservation of local bat assemblages. The sampled region stands out for its high potential for the conservation of endangered species, and we strongly recommend the full protection of 15 caves classified as a priority for conservation.
- Análise de relevância de cavernas: uma revisão da IN 02/2017 sob a perspectiva dos morcegos(2020-11) Barros, Jennifer; Da Cunha Tavares, Valeria; Dias-Silva, Leonardo Henrique; Milagres, Augusto; da Rocha, Patrício Adriano; Guimarães, Maricelio; Bernard, EnricoA relação entre várias espécies de morcegos e ecossistemas cavernícolas é altamente especializada, complexa e frágil. Comunidades de invertebrados cavernícolas são, frequentemente, dependentes do guano dos morcegos para sua sobrevivência, assim como os próprios morcegos dependem também destes abrigos para atividades sociais, proteção, descanso e reprodução. No Brasil, espécies associadas a cavernas tornaram-se mais susceptíveis a impactos decorrentes da destruição de seus abrigos, principalmente após alterações na legislação que flexibilizaram a proteção desses ambientes. A atual legislação determina que cavernas inseridas em áreas passíveis de licenciamento ambiental devem passar por um processo de classificação quanto ao seu grau de relevância. Estas regras estão incluídas na Instrução Normativa 02/2017 do Ministério do Meio Ambiente. Avaliamos aqui as disposições na IN 02/2017 considerando o grupo dos morcegos como foco específico, e considerando a clareza, objetividade, e aplicabilidade prática da normativa, bem como pontos frágeis e critérios subjetivos que necessitam de modificações. Identificamos trechos cuja redação é subjetiva, vaga ou imprecisa, tornando alguns dos critérios apontados para a designação de relevância problemáticos quando analisados sob o enfoque do grupo dos morcegos. Sugerimos que a IN passe por extensa atualização, com alterações de redação, exclusão de alguns critérios (e.g., espécies com função ecológica importante; troglóxenos obrigatório) e inclusão de outros (e.g., presença de fêmeas grávidas e filhotes).
- ANALYSIS OF THE EROSION POTENTIAL AND SEDIMENT YIELD USING THE INTERO MODEL IN AN EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHED DOMINATED BY KARST IN BRAZIL(2021) Silva Tavares, Andre; Uagoda, Rogerio; Spalevic, Velibor; Mincanto, Ronaldo153 Tavares, A.S.; Uagoda, R.E.S.; Spalevic, V.; Mincato, R.L. (2021): Analysis of the erosion potential and sediment yield using the IntErO model in an experimental watershed dominated by karst in Brazil. Agriculture and Forestry, 67 (2): 153-162. SUMMARY Soil losses from water erosion jeopardize agricultural sustainability and food security for current and future generations. The research aimed to evaluate the application of the Erosion Potential Method by the Intensity of Erosion and Outflow-IntErO program in a karst watershed in a region with typical savanna climate in the northeast of the State of Goiás, Brazil. Input data were adapted according to the corresponding characteristics of tropical regions. The results indicated that the Extreme watershed has a value of 0.62 in the index (0 to 1) which defined the strength of the intensity of erosion. The river basin belongs to the category 3 of destruction with moderate erosion intensity, which indicates processes of surface erosion in the largest area of the hydrographic basin, and annual soil loss of 480.60 m³ km² yr-1. According to the IntErO model calculations 16% of the eroded material reaches the outflow of the hydrographic basin, and 84% of these sediments are deposited within the Basin, inside the surface and underground caves and galleries of the karst. Calculations by the IntErO model with the Erosion Potential Method in its algorithm proved to be valuable tool in evaluating the production of sediments in tropical soils, especially in evaluating different scenarios after establishing the inputs database for Brazil and will serve as a good starting point for future evaluations.
- Anophtalmic and epigean?Description of an intriguing new species of Hyalella (Amphipoda, Hyalellidae) from Brazil(Magnolia Press, 2018) BASTOS-PEREIRA, RAFAELA; OLIVEIRA, MARCUS PAULO ALVES DE; FERREIRA, RODRIGO L.The absence of eyes in Hyalella (Hyalellidae, Amphipoda) is typical of obligate groundwater-dwelling species. However, a new intriguing blind amphipod of this genus was found in epigean streams from the Iron Quadrangle (state of Minas Gerais, Brazil). Hyalella troglofugia sp nov. presents antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2, gnathopod 1 propodus inner face with four setae, gnathopod 2 propodus posterior margin longer than palm, dactylus slightly longer than palm, pereopod 5 shorter than others and uropod 3 shorter than telson. The absence of eyes and presence of reduced U3 and pereopods of H. troglofugia sp nov. may suggest that such species also inhabits interstitial subterranean spaces. Moreover, the presence of the new species on streams associated to distinct hydrological zones indicates that this species may be present in dif-ferent types of subterranean habitats of the region. We hypothesize that at least part of the population of this species may have left the subterranean environment looking for food and when out of this habitat it preferentially inhabits high water flow stretches of the stream in function of predation avoidance.
- Assessment of a semi-automatic spatial analysis method to identify and map sinkholes in the Carste Lagoa Santa environmental protection unit, Brazil(2021-01-21) de Castro Tayer, Thiaggo; Horta Rodrigues, Paulo CésarSatellite imaging combined with geoprocessing routines is a promising alternative to establish a viable mapping model of specific landscape features and soil use, with high precision, fast results, and low operational costs. The present study examines the employment of a digital elevation model (DEM) combined with geoprocessing techniques for identifying closed depressions in karst landscapes with the objective of mapping potential sinkholes and uvalas within the limits of the Carste Lagoa Santa Environmental Protection Unit, located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The proposed method consists of using geoprocessing routines combined with DEMs, topographic analysis, individual points of elevation, and mathematical operations between rasters. To accomplish that, SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) data/images were used to extract contour lines and individual elevation points to identify depressions, delimit their edges, and obtain morphometric data referring to the area, perimeter, and their circularity index. The results were satisfactory, allowing the detection of 1076 depressions within the study area. The results were also analyzed for special morphological cases and circularity patterns and compared with a previous study. Field campaigns allowed the partial validation of the method, which proved to be a viable alternative for preliminary and extensive scale mapping of these important karst recharge features.
- BNDES seleciona projetos culturais que usam a internet(2021-04-10) Brasil, AgênciaLançado em março de 2019, o Programa Matchfunding BNDES+ Patrimônio Cultural foi o primeiro do gênero envolvendo uma instituição pública
- Campanha quer tornar Parque de Terra Ronca Patrimônio Natural Mundial(2021-04-16)Objetivo é que o complexo de cavernas, na região Nordeste de Goiás, receba o reconhecimento da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (Unesco).
- Campos de atuação e os desafios da arqueologia empresarial no Brasil(2021-03-04) Callegari Jacques, Clarisse; Batista de Carvalho, AdrianoIn the context of an increase in infrastructure projects at the same time as Brazilian legislation seeks to regulate and guide permissions for archaeologists to undertake research associated with environmental licenses, the number of archaeology consulting firms has been growing in numbers. Other fieldworks worth mentioning concerning contract archaeology are cave evaluations, restoration of the historic building as well as museum consulting. Many issues have emerged along with the growth of research in contract archaeology. One of the most discussed is the research quality and archaeologist’s ethic commitment. Dialogue between archaeologists who work in different research contexts is crucial to the evolution of this debate, especially when social sciences lack governmental funding and seek society acknowledgement.
- Cave lithology effect on subterranean biodiversity: A case study in quartzite and granitoid caves(2020-10) Souza-Silva, Marconi; Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesPhysical features and lithology variations contribute to promoting changes in faunal composition and richness between caves in Neotropics. Cave lithology effects on biodiversity were reported to iron ore caves in Brazil, however, it is less clear to granitoid and quartzite caves. Hence, based on these two kinds of rocks we correlate invertebrates species richness and composition with some cave features (lithology, the distance between caves, cave extension, number of entrances, entrance size, environmental stability, and altitude). Overall, 1,027 invertebrate species were recorded in 50 sampled caves. From this total, 11 obligate cave species were found. Invertebrate assemblages showed considerable turnover between caves and rock types with a strong contribution of replacement component of beta diversity. Replacement influence was greatest in quartzite caves mainly because of altitude and distance among caves. Furthermore, richness was determined by cave extension in both lithotypes, although this relationship was much more pronounced for the granitoid caves, which contradicts previous studies. The granitoid caves studied here are predominantly structured by stacked blocks with macro and meso anastomosed subterranean spaces that provide an extensive network of interstices with structural characteristics similar to shallow subterranean habitats that may increase in habitat availability and species richness. The study highlight that the lithology-mediated effects of cave extension on richness must be considered for quartzite and granitoid in the ecological and conservational proposal. Furthermore, altitude and distance among caves were important elements determining invertebrate composition.
- Cavernas do Brasil: um tesouro subterrâneo a ser descoberto, mas já ameaçado(2021-07-17) Escobar, Herton; Magalhães, Lívia; Menin, DanielPaís tem mais de 20 mil cavernas, com formações incríveis e centenas de espécies ainda não descritas pela ciência. Mudanças na legislação ambiental preocupam pesquisadores
- Chaimowiczia: a new Iuiuniscinae genus from Brazil (Oniscidea, Synocheta, Styloniscidae) with the description of two new troglobitic species(2021-06-08) Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli; Bastos-Pereira, Rafaela; Souza, Leila Aparecida; Ferreira, Rodrigo L.; Stefano TaitiA new genus of Styloniscidae, Chaimowiczia gen. nov., is described with two new species: Chaimowiczia tatus sp. nov. from Gruta do Padre cave (Santana, Bahia) and Chaimowiczia uai sp. nov. from Lapa d’água do Zezé cave (Itacarambi, Minas Gerais). The new genus and species were allocated into the subfamily Iui-uniscinae, hitherto monotypic, by the pronounced rectangular-shaped lateral pereonites epimera, dorsal surface smooth, body outline continuous without a gap between pereon and pleon, and pleonites 3 to 5 developed forming tips. The two species of Chaimowiczia gen. nov. differ in the shape of cephalon anten-nal lobes, pereonite 1 epimera, pleonite 5 posterior margin and uropod exopod and endopod proportion.
- Checklist and identification key to Brazilian species of Triplocania Roesler (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’: Psocomorpha: Ptiloneuridae), with four new cave-dwelling species(2021-03-03) MOREIRA DA SILVA NETO, ALBERTO; N. GARCÍA ALDRETE, ALFONSO; ALBERTINO RAFAEL, JOSÉ; LOPES FERREIRA, RODRIGOFour species of Triplocania are described and illustrated (T. brancoi n. sp., T. ferratilis n. sp., T. pains n. sp., and T. zairae n. sp.), all based on male specimens collected in caves of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. An identification key is presented to the Brazilian species of Triplocania, based on males, together with information on both sexes and distributions.
- Checklist and identification key to Brazilian species of Triplocania Roesler (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’: Psocomorpha: Ptiloneuridae), with four new cave-dwelling species(Magnolia Press, 2021-03-03) SILVA NETO, ALBERTO MOREIRA DA; GARCÍA ALDRETE, ALFONSO N.; RAFAEL, JOSÉ ALBERTINO; FERREIRA, RODRIGO LOPESFour species of Triplocania are described and illustrated (T.brancoin. sp., T.ferratilisn. sp., T. painsn. sp., and T. zairaen. sp.), all based on male specimens collected in caves of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. An identification key is presented to the Brazilian species of Triplocania, based on males, together with information on both sexes and distributions.
- Checklist and identification key to Brazilian species of Triplocania Roesler (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’: Psocomorpha: Ptiloneuridae), with four new cave-dwelling species(2021-03-03) MOREIRA DA SILVA NETO, ALBERTO; N. GARCÍA ALDRETE, ALFONSO; ALBERTINO RAFAEL, JOSÉ; LOPES FERREIRA, RODRIGOFour species of Triplocania are described and illustrated (T. brancoi n. sp., T. ferratilis n. sp., T. pains n. sp., and T. zairae n. sp.), all based on male specimens collected in caves of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. An identification key is presented to the Brazilian species of Triplocania, based on males, together with information on both sexes and distributions.
- A cladistic analysis of the Brazilian troglobitic harvestmen genus Iandumoema Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) with the description of three new species(2019-07-03) de Ázara, Ludson; Hara, Marcos; Ferreira, Rodrigo; Gonzalo GiribetIandumoema was the third troglobitic (i.e., ecological-evolutionary concept denoting 16that the organism is restricted to the subterranean environment) genus of Brazilian harvestmen to be described. It is also the only troglobitic genus in Brazil with more than one species, comprising three described species, all from caves in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Traditionally, testing monophyly of troglobitic groups is difficult because many features shared by them might be result of convergence/parallelism due to the pressure of the cave environment. This issue, as well as comparative studies, is hindered because Iandumoema is also currently placed in the species rich and polyphyletic subfamily Pachylinae. In this work, we test the monophyly of this troglobitic genus and propose the first phylogenetic hypothesis for Iandumoema based on cladistic analysis using morphological data. The analysis included all described species of Iandumoema plus three new troglobitic species: I. cuca, sp. nov.(Itacarambi: Gruta da Água do João Ferreira), I. gollum, sp. nov. (Presidente Juscelino: Lapa D'Água) and I. stygia, sp. nov. (Montes Claros: Gruta do Cedro). The character matrix comprises 79 characters for 28 terminal taxa: six species of Iandumoema, 14 species of Pachylinae, six species from other Gonyleptidae subfamilies, one species of Cosmetidae and one species of Metasarcidae. The cladistic analysis using heuristic search retrieved one most parsimonious tree (339 steps, consistency index = 0.35, retention index = 0.56). Iandumoema is a monophyletic and well-supported genus, nested among Brazilian “Pachylinae”. The present work also provides an identification key and ecological 35remarks for all the six species of the genus Iandumoema.