Navegando por Assunto "Cave"

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Artigo
Coarazuphium auleri sp. n. (Carabidae: Zuphiini), a new troglobitic ground-beetle in Central-Western Brazil
(2021-12-12) Pellegrini, Thais Giovannini; Bichuette, Maria Elina; Vieira, Letícia
ABSTRACT In this paper, we describe Coarazuphium auleri sp. n. Until now, the species occurred in a single limestone cave, located at Nobres municipality (state of Mato Grosso – Central-Western Brazil). The new species comprises an apterous species from the genus Coarazuphium with the complete absence of hindwings, eyes are composed of very reduced eyes-scars, depigmentation and ommatidia are not evident. We also provide an updated key for species identification of Coarazuphium from the most recently published one. We followed the criteria of IUCN and classified the species as Critically Endangered – CR, IUCN criteria B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii), since the species has a restricted geographical distribution; estimated occurrence length <100 km2; population in few locations and with a continued decline in area, extent, and quality of habitat. According to Brazilian law, the existence of a critically endangered species places the Lagoa Azul cave as one of maximum relevance.
Artigo
Coarazuphium lundi (Carabidae: Zuphiini), a new Brazilian troglobitic beetle, with the designation of a neotype for C. pains Álvares & Ferreira, 2002
(2020-11) GIOVANNINI PELLEGRINI, THAIS; LOPES FERREIRA, RODRIGO; DE ALMEIDA ZAMPAULO, ROBSON; VIEIRA, LETÍCIA
In this paper, we describe Coarazuphium lundi sp. nov., from a single male specimen collected in Gruta 06L cave located in the municipality of Prudente de Morais (Minas Gerais state, Brazil). The two most striking differences between C. lundi and other species of the genus is the presence of two pairs of posterior supraorbital setae and the elytra shape with parallel, not rounded sides. Coarazuphium pains Álvares & Ferreira 2002 is an endemic species restricted to a few caves at the Bambuí Carbonatic Group in the midwest of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The holotype of C. pains was unfortunately lost in 2010, due to a fire that destroyed almost the entire zoological collection at the Butantã Institute, São Paulo state in Brazil. In recent years, several species of the genus have been described and compared to C. pains only based on its paper description, clearly prompting the need for the C. pains neotype designation. In order to provide a necessary standard for comparison, a neotype is designed for this species based on the material collected from the best approximation of the type locality (caves). Lastly, we also provide a brief discussion on the presence of eyespots of C. cessaima, originally described as blind.
Texto publicado em jornal
Ecology of Antricola ticks in a bat cave in north-eastern Brazil
(2020-09-12) Barbier, Eder; Bernard, Enrico; Dantas‑Torres, Filipe
Argasid ticks are a diverse group of acarines that parasitize numerous vertebrate hosts. Along with birds, bats serve as hosts for several argasid ticks, which are commonly found in bat caves. Argasid ticks have regained attention from tick taxonomists in recent dec-ades, with a number of new species described in various zoogeographical regions. None-theless, studies on their ecology are still scarce. We conducted a 1-year longitudinal study to assess the presence of argasid ticks in a bat cave in the drylands of north-eastern Brazil and evaluate their possible response to abiotic factors. From July 2014 to June 2015, 490 ticks were collected (272 nymphs, 169 males and 49 females) in a cave chamber hosting a large colony of Pteronotus spp. bats, being relatively more frequent from July to December 2014. Adults were identified as Antricola guglielmonei, whereas nymphs were assigned to the genus Antricola. Almost all ticks (98%) were collected on the cave walls. Only 2% were on the ceiling and, surprisingly, no specimens were found on the floor and/or guano. Adults were usually clustered in the crevices and little mobile, whereas nymphs were dispersed and more active, moving over the walls or ceiling of the cave. Although present in most of the studied period, there was a significantly negative correlation between tick abundance and relatively humidity, and A. guglielmonei was more frequent during the dry season. Moreover, there was no evident correlation between the abundance of ticks and bats. Fur-ther long-term studies will be able to verify whether this pattern is repeated over time, and even whether other variables can influence the population dynamics of A. guglielmonei.
Artigo
Environmental factors structuring the assemblage of aquatic insects in an epigean and hypogean stretch of a Neotropical karst stream
(2021-02-01) Martins, V. M.; Ferreira, R. L.
The aim of the present study was to identify which variables structure the assemblage of aquatic insects in the subterranean environment, because knowledge about how subterranean communities are structured in rivers with hypogean sections is still emerging. In addition to identifying whether the hypogean assemblage is structured in the same way as the epigean assemblage, we sought to identify whether the environmental restrictions caused by the subterranean habitat resulted in reduced species richness and abundance compared with the epigean habitat. We sampled a 345-m stretch of a stream in Brazil and collected aquatic insects from both the epigean and hypogean environments. In the stream stretch investigated, there was a positive relationship between richness and the percentage of immersion, fine substrate and organic matter, and a negative relationship between richness and conductivity. We also verified differences between the epigean and hypogean environments regarding composition. The variables that best explained the overall assemblage structure included the epigean–hypogean environment and the percentage of coarse and fine substrate. Given the differences between these environments, we emphasise the need for management actions in karst regions that consider the discontinuity of these regions’ river communities to conserve all components of diversity.
Texto publicado em jornal
Environmental factors structuring the assemblage of aquatic insects in an epigean and hypogean stretch of a Neotropical karst stream
(2021-02-01) M. Martins, V.; L. Ferreira, R.
The aim of the present study was to identify which variables structure the assemblage of aquatic insects in the subterranean environment, because knowledge about how subterranean communities are structured in rivers with hypogean sections is still emerging. In addition to identifying whether the hypogean assemblage is structured in the same way as the epigean assemblage, we sought to identify whether the environmental restrictions caused by the subterranean habitat resulted in reduced species richness and abundance compared with the epigean habitat. We sampled a 345-m stretch of a stream in Brazil and collected aquatic insects from both the epigean and hypogean environments. In the stream stretch investigated, there was a positive relationship between richness and the percentage of immersion, fine substrate and organic matter, and a negative relationship between richness and conductivity. We also verified differences between the epigean and hypogean environments regarding composition. The variables that best explained the overall assemblage structure included the epigean–hypogean environment and the percentage of coarse and fine substrate. Given the differences between these environments, we emphasise the need for management actions in karst regions that consider the discontinuity of these regions’ river communities to conserve all components of diversity.
Texto publicado em jornal
Environmental factors structuring the assemblage of aquatic insects in an epigean and hypogean stretch of a Neotropical karst stream
(2021-02-01) M. Martins, V.; L. Ferreira, R.
The aim of the present study was to identify which variables structure the assemblage of aquatic insects in the subterranean environment, because knowledge about how subterranean communities are structured in rivers with hypogean sections is still emerging. In addition to identifying whether the hypogean assemblage is structured in the same way as the epigean assemblage, we sought to identify whether the environmental restrictions caused by the subterranean habitat resulted in reduced species richness and abundance compared with the epigean habitat. We sampled a 345-m stretch of a stream in Brazil and collected aquatic insects from both the epigean and hypogean environments. In the stream stretch investigated, there was a positive relationship between richness and the percentage of immersion, fine substrate and organic matter, and a negative relationship between richness and conductivity. We also verified differences between the epigean and hypogean environments regarding composition. The variables that best explained the overall assemblage structure included the epigean–hypogean environment and the percentage of coarse and fine substrate. Given the differences between these environments, we emphasise the need for management actions in karst regions that consider the discontinuity of these regions’ river communities to conserve all components of diversity.
Artigo
Environmental factors structuring the assemblage ofaquatic insects in an epigean and hypogean stretch of aNeotropical karst stream
(2021-02-01) Martins, V. M.; Ferreira, R. L.
The aim of the present study was to identify which variables structure the assemblage of aquatic insects in thesubterranean environment, because knowledge about how subterranean communities are structured in rivers withhypogean sections is still emerging. In addition to identifying whether the hypogean assemblage is structured in thesame way as the epigean assemblage, we sought to identify whether the environmental restrictions caused by thesubterranean habitat resulted in reduced species richness and abundance compared with the epigean habitat. We sampled a345-m stretch of a stream in Brazil and collected aquatic insects from both the epigean and hypogean environments. In thestream stretch investigated, there was a positive relationship between richness and the percentage of immersion, finesubstrate and organic matter, and a negative relationship between richness and conductivity. We also verified differencesbetween the epigean and hypogean environments regarding composition. The variables that best explained the overallassemblage structure included the epigean–hypogean environment and the percentage of coarse and fine substrate. Giventhe differences between these environments, we emphasise the need for management actions in karst regions that considerthe discontinuity of these regions’ river communities to conserve all components of diversity.
Texto publicado em jornal
Epigean and hypogean drivers of Neotropical subterranean communities
(2020-10-29) Rabelo, Lucas Mendes; Souza-Silva, Marconi; Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes
In addition to cave size and other subterranean habitat characteristics, cave entrances are important structurers of neotropical cave communities. However, little is known about the epigean ecosystems factors that might dictate the influence of entrances and the relationship among surface and cave communities, as entrance re-gions are ecotonal zones between the epigean and hypogean ecosystems. We aimed to assess the influence of epigean and hypogean factors as potential drivers of inver-tebrate species richness in Neotropical caves as well as the influence of the regional pool of invertebrate diversity on cave invertebrate diversity.
Artigo
ESPELEOTURISMO NO BRASIL: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE SEGURANÇA, CAPACIDADE DE CARGA, IMPACTO E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
(2023) Santos, Edemir Barbosa dos; Santana, Cristiana Cerqueira Silva
No Brasil, muitas cavernas são utilizadas para fins turísticos, contudo, poucas dispõem de planejamento turístico, deixando-as vulneráveis aos impactos ambientais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir o potencial turístico das cavernas, o estado de conservação, a capacidade de carga turística, os perigos a saúde do visitanteeà necessidade da Educação Ambientalpara a sustentabilidade ambiental e econômica. O Brasil possui grande potencial espeleoturístico, contudo para a compatibilização do uso turístico com conservação ambiental, se faz necessário a implementação obrigatóriade um plano de manejo, mas sobretudo, de programas de monitoramento ambiental, de Educação Ambientale Patrimonial, e da fiscalização por parte dos órgãos responsáveis para garantir o cumprimento das normas.
Texto publicado em revista
Five new species of Phalangopsis Serville, 1831 (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) from Brazilian caves in the Amazon Forest
(2020-10-06) PEREIRA JUNTA, VITOR GABRIEL; CASTRO-SOUZA, RODRIGO ANTÔNIO; LOPES FERREIRA, RODRIGO
The current work presents the description of five new cricket species for the genus Phalangopsis Serville, 1831 found in Brazilian caves in the Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Pará states, northern Brazil. The morphology of the phallic complex was used as the main criterion for distinguishing the species. In addition, we present data on the natural history and ecology of the new species as well as hypothesis about the variations of tegmina size in relation to the subterranean lifestyle for the genus. Finally, we provide a pictorial key based on adult males for the Phalangopsis species.
Texto publicado em jornal
Late Quaternary episodes of clastic sediment deposition in the Tarimba Cave, Central Brazil
(2021-04-10) Caldeira, Dandara; Uagoda, Rogério; Morais Nogueira, Adivane; Garnier, Jeremie; Sawakuchi, André Oliveira; Hussain, Yawar
The study presents three sedimentary profiles from Tarimba cave in central Brazil. The data allow constraining the late Quaternary sedimentary evolution of cave systems in the region. A multi-techniques approach was used to characterize sediment texture (grain size and circularity index), mineralogical composition (X-Ray Diffraction), chemical composition (ICP-OES) and deposition ages (Optically Stimulated Luminescence and radiocarbon). Eight sedimentary facies were identified, including a facies formed by autochthonous sediments (Guano) and seven facies formed by allochthonous siliciclastic sediments. The siliciclastic facies range from clayey to gravelly deposits that correspond to high-density gravity flows (Diamicton) and water laid traction process of varied deposition energy (Channel, Backswamp, and Slackwater). The studied deposits reflect an intense cave filing from the Middle to Late Pleistocene in the last 200 Ka. Subsequent depositional events formed three sedimentation phases: the first before 200 Ka corresponding to a larger granulometric interval, clay to gravel, identified through erosive surfaces; the second, after 197 Ka, is composed of sandy sediments and oscillations in the water flow energy. The third phase between 87 and 52 Ka (which covered the other stages) was responsible for the last fluvial deposition.
Artigo
Mammal Taphonomy in a Cave Deposit From Quaternary of Brazil
(2022-03-03) Trifilio, Lucas Henrique Medeiros da Silva; de Araújo-Júnior, Hermínio Ismael; Porpino, Kleberson de Oliveira; Barbosa, Fernando Henrique de Souza
In Brazil, the Quaternary caves of the Brazilian Intertropical Region (BIR) host important fossiliferous deposits of terrestrial vertebrates, whose fossil content is taxonomically well known. Here, we conducted a taphonomic analysis based on macroscopic and microscopic features of 543 specimens collected in the F3 cave, a fossiliferous deposit located in the municipality of Baraúna, northeast of Brazil. This deposit encompasses 17 taxa, but it is dominated by fossils of Eremotherium laurillardi. Most bones were buried in less than a year, but the taphonomic history of this deposit was governed by alternation of dry and wet cycles. This led us to recognize four taphonomic modes, that differ according to the climatic conditions in which the bones were preserved as well as the time interval between the accumulation and the final burial of the remains.
Artigo
A new genus and two new species of the millipede family Chelodesmidae from Bahia state, northeastern Brazil, including a likely troglobiont (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)
(2022-06-20) GOLOVATCH, SERGEI I.; BOUZAN, RODRIGO S.; GALLO, JÉSSICA S.; BICHUETTE, MARIA E.
A new genus and two new species of Chelodesmidae are described from two caves of the João Rodrigues river system in Bahia state, northeastern Brazil: Strongylosomides troglobius sp. nov. and Rotundotergum elevatum gen. nov., sp. nov. The former species differs from congeners primarily by the gonopods showing the prefemoral process strongly fused caudally along its basal half to the acropodite and, in showing such troglomorphic traits as a nearly unpigmented and fragile body with thin tegument, it seems the first troglobiont to be documented in the genus. Moreover, this new species seems to be so remarkably similar to Leptodesmus stercoriarius Schubart, 1956, from Minas Gerais state, that the following new combination is warranted: Strongylosomides stercoriarius (Schubart, 1956), comb. nov. ex Leptodesmus de Saussure, 1859. The new genus, Rotundotergum gen. nov., seems to be especially similar to Eucampesmella Schubart, 1955, but differs clearly by the absence of a secondary process on the gonopodal prefemoral process, coupled with the latter being unusually long and strongly separated from the acropodite. The type species R. elevatum sp. nov., being partly clearly pigmented, seems to be only troglophilic. The region generally supports a typical dry tropical climate, whereas the caves represent sites with high humidity, this being essential for the survival of these and other species. However, these habitats remain unprotected by Brazilian law, while the João Rodrigues River system is threatened by irrigation projects, potential limestone exploitation, asphalt and road widening or construction that pass across the system and can collapse the rock, and pollution of the subterranean drainage. We hope that the new species described here could help us protect their type localities and the João Rodrigues River system as a whole.
Texto publicado em jornal
A new troglobitic species of Allochthonius(subgenus Urochthonius) (Pseudoscorpiones, Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from Japan
(2021) Viana, Ana Clara Moreira; Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes
Allochthonius (Urochthonius) yoshizawai sp. nov., found in Hiura-do Cave, a limestone cave located in the municipality of Kumakogen, Ehime Prefecture, Japan, is described. It can be distinguished from the consubgeneric species mainly by the carapacal chaetotaxy (6–2, 18), by the presence of 6 setae on the cheliceral palm, by the rallum with 11 blades, by the presence of 8 clavate coxal blades on coxae I, and by the decreased number and distinct shape of the chelal teeth. A redescription of the subgenus Urochtho-nius, and keys to the subgenera of Allochthonius and to the species and subspecies of Urochthonius are also provided, as well as some ecological remarks, a brief discussion on troglomorphisms for the subgenus, and potential threats for this species.
Artigo
A new troglophilic species of Erebonyx (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from Brazilian caves
(2022-12-16) Merlo, Rayanne Lays Sant'ana ; Castro-Souza, Rodrigo Antônio ; Bento, Diego de Medeiros ; Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes
The genus Erebonyx was proposed to accommodate a single troglobitic species from northeastern Brazil. A second cricket belonging to this genus is herein described, but although it was also found in caves, it does not bear any troglomorphic traits, suggesting it is a troglophilic species. The new species differs from the other species on the genus in the phallic sclerites, presence of developed eyes (with ommatidia), pigmented integument, and the presence of stridulatory file on the tegmina. In addition, we present the description of the external morphology, together with the staining and description of tegmina. Finally, we present a brief discussion regarding its habitat, distribution and possible conservation actions for the species.
Artigo
Uma nova espécie troglobiótica de Allochthonius (subgênero Urochthonius) (Pseudoscorpiones, Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) do Japão
(2021-01-20) Viana, Ana Clara Moreira; Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes
Allochthonius (Urochthonius) yoshizawai sp. nov., found in Hiura-do Cave, a limestone cave located in the municipality of Kumakogen, Ehime Prefecture, Japan, is described. It can be distinguished from the consubgeneric species mainly by the carapacal chaetotaxy (6–2, 18), by the presence of 6 setae on the cheliceral palm, by the rallum with 11 blades, by the presence of 8 clavate coxal blades on coxae I, and by the decreased number and distinct shape of the chelal teeth. A redescription of the subgenus Urochthonius, and keys to the subgenera of Allochthonius and to the species and subspecies of Urochthonius are also provided, as well as some ecological remarks, a brief discussion on troglomorphisms for the subgenus, and potential threats for this species.
Artigo
Registro de predação de gastrópode (Pulmonata, Charopidae) pelo Amblipígeo Charinus (Amblypygi, Charinidae) em caverna do Nordeste brasileiro
(2019) Araújo, Jan Pierre Martins de; Basílio, Gustavo Henrique Nunes; Kramer, Marcelo Augusto de Freitas; Almeida Netto, Solon Rodrigues de
O presente trabalho aborda um registro de predação de um gastrópode Pulmonado da família charopidae por amblipígeo do gênero Charinus em caverna do município de Martins, Rio Grande do Norte, nordeste do Brasil. Esta observação contribui com informações adicionais sobre a preferência alimentar do gênero Charinus, principalmente em ambiente subterrâneo.
Texto publicado em jornal
Spelaeobochica goliath (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae), a new troglo-bitic pseudoscorpion from Brazil
(Magnolia Press, 2018) VIANA, ANA CLARA M.; SOUZA, MAYSA F. V. R.; FERREIRA, RODRIGO L.
Spelaeobochica goliath sp. n., found in a limestone cave located in the municipality of Ibiracatu (Minas Gerais, Brazil), is described. It can be distinguished from the other species of the genus mainly by the slight angular shape of the anterior margin of the carapace, distal position of the trichobothrium est relative to st on the movable finger, isb in a position much nearer to level of sb than to that of esb, and by its pedipalpal measurements and proportions. It shares many morphological features with S. iuiu.
Texto publicado em jornal
Spelaeobochica mahnerti, a new cave-dwelling pseudoscorpion from Brazil(Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Bochicidae), with comments on the troglomorphism of the Brazilian bochicid species
(2020-02-04) VIANA, ANA CLARA M.; FERREIRA, RODRIGO L.
Spelaeobochica mahnerti sp. n., found in a limestone cave located in the municipality of Monjolos (Minas Gerais state, Southeastern Brazil), is described. It differs from congeneric species mainly by the rallum with 3 apically dentate blades, the position of the trichobothrium ib in the far distal half of the hand dorsum (near the base of fixed finger), the smooth subterminal setae, and by the arolia that are a little longer than the claws. A key to the species of Spelaeobochica is provided, as well as information on the habitat and threats for this new species. We further discuss troglomorphic traits in Brazilian species of Bochicidae.
Artigo
The first record of Adelosgryllus Mesa & Zefa, 2004 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves, with the description of a new species from Brazil
(2021-02-18) MERLO, RAYANNE LAYS SANT’ANA; CASTRO-SOUZA, RODRIGO ANTÔNIO; JUNTA, VITOR GABRIEL PEREIRA; FERREIRA, RODRIGO LOPES
The first species for the genus Adelosgryllus Mesa & Zefa, 2004 recorded in caves is herein described. We used the morphology of the phallic complex as the main criteria to differentiate this species from the congeneric ones. In addition, we discussed the natural history of the new species, some aspects of its association to the cave habitats, and the intraspecific variation of the right tegmen observed in two populations of this new species.