Navegando por Assunto "Atlantic forest"

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Artigo
Natural history, coloration pattern and conservation status of the threatned South Brazilian red bellied toad, Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus Braun, 1973 (Anura, Bofonidae).
(Herpetology Notes, 2014-10-25) Caorsi, Valentina Zaffaroni; Colombo, Patrick; Freire, Marcelo Duarte; Amaral, Ivan Borel; Zank, Caroline; Borges-Martins, Márcio; Grant, Taran
Efforts to find and gather data on natural history, including geographic records, of species considered threatened are an important tool to assess and update its conservation status. Little is known about the threatened South American red belly toad, Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus, endemic from northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The main goal of this article is to provide information on natural history, geographic distribution, morphology and conservation of this toad, including new geographic records, and new data on color pattern, habitat use, and reproductive and defensive behavior. We conducted 30 field expeditions from 2005 to 2013 to the type locality and surroundings and examined the three major herpetological collections from Rio Grande do Sul. We described the live color pattern of juveniles and adults. The data on reproductive and defensive behavior was obtained in the field. We rediscovered the species on its type locality, after 45 years from previous records, and revealed the presence of M. macrogranulosus in five new localities. The color pattern varies ontogenetically from metamorphosed juveniles to adults. Newly metamorphosed individuals have dark gray dorsum and pale, partially translucent ventral surface. Adults have dorsum from light to dark green and ventral surface exhibiting a green or grayish blue coloration pattern with white spots and red patches. Associated with this suspected aposematic coloration we observed individuals employing unken reflex when disturbed. Reproductive activity was recorded after heavy rains in all four seasons. Males call during day and night, in small, shallow pools along temporary streams with clear water. Amplexus and struggles between males also involving a female were registered inside the water in the reproductive site. All records of M. macrogranulosus are inside the limits of the Atlantic forest, considered one of the most endangered Biome of Brazil. However, none is inside the limits of a protected area. Some possible threats observed include fragmentation and habitat destruction, pollution (improper discard of human waste) and the recent duplication of a paved road near the reproductive site. These impacts associated with the small extent of occurrence, justify the species category as Endangered (EN).
Artigo
Notes on the conservation status, geographic distribution and ecology of Bothrops muriciensis Ferrarezzi & Freire, 2001 (Serpentes, Viperidae).
(North-Western Journal of Zoology, 2012) FREITAS, Marco Antonio de; FRANÇA, Daniella Pereira Fagundes de; GRABOSKI, Roberta; UHLIG, Vivian; VERÍSSIMO, Diogo
The Atlantic forest of Brazil is one of the most biodiverse regions in the world. However, in the last centuries this biome has suffered unparalled fragmentation and degradation of its forest cover, with only 8% of its original area remaining. The region of Murici, in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, houses some of the largest forest fragments of Atlentic forest and is of one of the regions within the biome with more threatened and endemic taxa. One of this is Bothrops muriciensis, a snake species previously only known from the three records used to describe it. We present six new records for Bothrops muriciensis along with additional information and inferences on the species geographic distribution and natural history. Lastly we use the new information to assess the species according to the IUCN Redlist criteria and suggest that the species should be placed in the Critically Endangered category under criteria IUCN Redlist criteria B2ab(iii). The effective management of this species will require further data on its ecology, geographic distribution and population dynamics but its survival will more likely depend on an effective protection of the Murici Ecological Station, the only locality where Bothrops muriciensis has so far been recorded.
Artigo
Updated list of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, including new records
(2024-05-10) Ferreira, Luan Vinícius Soares ; Tavares, Valéria ; Gregorin, Renato; Garbino, Guilherme Siniciato Terra ; Oliveira, Fred Victor de ; Moras, Ligiane
The knowledge of the bat fauna from Minas Gerais, the largest state in southeastern Brazil, has greatly changed in recent years due to increased sampling and taxonomic revisions with reports of range ex tension and/or new species descriptions. The first annotated list of bats for the state dates to over 10 years ago. Our study aimed to update it by incorporating new localities sampled since then and by adding new species records to the list. We also conducted a comprehensive review of the literature and museum databases and analyzed 691 specimens collected in the state from all mesoregions and ecosystems deposited in collections. We documented the occurrence of 99 bat species from nine families, distributed in 181 municipalities, covering all mesoregions and biomes of the state. This is an increment of 30% in bat richness and of 241% in locality sites with bat records in Minas Gerais, when compared with the previous compilation. We report two previously unrecorded species for the state, the phylostomids Rhinophylla pumilio Peters, 1865 and Trinycteris nicefori (Sanborn, 1949). The mesoregions with the largest number of bat collection localities were “Metropolitana” (46), “Zona da Mata” (26), and “Norte de Minas” (21). The Atlantic Forest had the largest number of collection sites compared to the other biomes present in the state (102). There are a lot of sampling gaps in the state, and most of the conservation areas have not yet been sampled for bats. In face of that and based on the recent findings of several new species and records as a result of sampling and revisionary efforts, we suggest the implementation of rapid survey programs accompanied by taxonomic studies within the conservation units of Minas Gerais. Long-term monitoring programs, including bats, are also completely missing in the state.