Navegando por Assunto "Arachnida"
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Item Arachnida, Amblypygi, Heterophrynus longicornis (Butler, 1873): Distribution extension for the state of Piauí northeastern Brazil(Check List, 2011) Carvalho, Leonardo S.; Marques, Francisco N. Oliveira; Silva, Paulo R. R.(Butler, 1873): para o estado do Piauí NordesteItem Canga renatae, a new genus and species of Cyphophthalmi from Brazilian Amazon caves (Opiliones: Neogoveidae)(Zootaxa, 2010) Silva, Marcio Bernardino; Rocha, Ricardo Pinto; Giribet, Gonzalo- A cladistic analysis of the Brazilian troglobitic harvestmen genus Iandumoema Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) with the description of three new species(2019-07-03) de Ázara, Ludson; Hara, Marcos; Ferreira, Rodrigo; Gonzalo GiribetIandumoema was the third troglobitic (i.e., ecological-evolutionary concept denoting 16that the organism is restricted to the subterranean environment) genus of Brazilian harvestmen to be described. It is also the only troglobitic genus in Brazil with more than one species, comprising three described species, all from caves in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Traditionally, testing monophyly of troglobitic groups is difficult because many features shared by them might be result of convergence/parallelism due to the pressure of the cave environment. This issue, as well as comparative studies, is hindered because Iandumoema is also currently placed in the species rich and polyphyletic subfamily Pachylinae. In this work, we test the monophyly of this troglobitic genus and propose the first phylogenetic hypothesis for Iandumoema based on cladistic analysis using morphological data. The analysis included all described species of Iandumoema plus three new troglobitic species: I. cuca, sp. nov.(Itacarambi: Gruta da Água do João Ferreira), I. gollum, sp. nov. (Presidente Juscelino: Lapa D'Água) and I. stygia, sp. nov. (Montes Claros: Gruta do Cedro). The character matrix comprises 79 characters for 28 terminal taxa: six species of Iandumoema, 14 species of Pachylinae, six species from other Gonyleptidae subfamilies, one species of Cosmetidae and one species of Metasarcidae. The cladistic analysis using heuristic search retrieved one most parsimonious tree (339 steps, consistency index = 0.35, retention index = 0.56). Iandumoema is a monophyletic and well-supported genus, nested among Brazilian “Pachylinae”. The present work also provides an identification key and ecological 35remarks for all the six species of the genus Iandumoema.
Item Cladistic analysis of the Brazilian troglobitic harvestmengenusIandumoemaPinto-da-Rocha (Opiliones:Gonyleptidae) with the description of three new species:a brief exercise over the use of troglomorphisms in cladisticanalysis(2020-06-26) Ázara, Ludson Neves de; Hara, Marcos Ryotara; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesFrom an ecological and evolutionary standpoint, troglobitic organisms are of special interest because theyhave evolved in, and are restricted to, the subterranean environment.IandumoemaPinto-da-Rocha, 1997 stands out forbeing the only Brazilian harvestmen genus with more than one troglobitic species, with three species described fromcaves in Minas Gerais state. Traditionally, testing the monophyly of troglobitic groups is more challenging than testinggroups that do not include troglobites. Many of their shared features might be the result of convergence or parallelismimposed by the cave environment, such as the absence of light, limited and infrequent availability of food resources andlow population density, among others. In the case ofIandumoema, this becomes even more difficult because the genus iscurrently included in the species-rich and polyphyletic subfamily Pachylinae. This study tested the monophyly of thistroglobitic genus and proposed thefirst phylogenetic hypothesis forIandumoemabased on cladistic analysis usingmorphological data. The analysis included all described species ofIandumoemaand three new troglobitic species:I. cuca, sp. nov. (type locality: Itacarambi, Gruta da Água do João Ferreira);I. gollum, sp. nov. (type locality: PresidenteJuscelino, Lapa D’Água); andI. stygia, sp. nov. (type locality: Montes Claros, Gruta do Cedro). The matrix comprises79 characters and 28 terminal taxa: six species ofIandumoema; 14 of Pachylinae; six from other Gonyleptidaesubfamilies; one species of Cosmetidae; and one of Metasarcidae. The cladistic analysis resulted in one parsimonioustree (339 steps, consistency index = 0.35, retention index = 0.56).Iandumoemais a monophyletic and well supportedgenus, nestled among Brazilian‘Pachylinae’. Three new species are described and an identification key and ecologicalremarks for all six species of the genusIandumoemais provided.Item Description Of The Male Of Daguerreia inermis Soares & Soares, With Biological Notes On Population Size In The Gruta Da Lancinha, Parana, Brazil (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)(Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 1996) Rocha, Ricardo PintoItem Global distribution of microwhip scorpions (Arachnida: Palpigradi)(2021-01-29) Mammola, Stefano; Souza, Maysa Fernanda Villela Rezende; Isaia, Marco; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesAim Historically, research on global distribution patterns has mostly concentrated on conspicuous organisms and thus a large proportion of biodiversity on Earth remains unmapped. We examined the global distribution of palpigrades, a poorly studied group of low dispersive arachnids specialized to subterranean life. We asked what are the ecological factors driving their distributions, and to what extent sampling bias may influence the observed patterns. Location Global. Taxon Palpigrades (Arachnida: Palpigradi) in the genus Eukoenenia. Methods We assembled a database of over 1000 localities and referring to 57 soil- and 69 cave-adapted palpigrades. We tested for differences in range sizes of soil- and cave-adapted species. We used variance partitioning analysis to explore the contribution of climate, nutrient availability and geology in driving observed distributions. Finally, we verified the potential correlation between the number of occurrence records and the number of palpigrades' researchers. Results Europe and Brazil emerged as centres of diversification of cave-adapted palpigrades. Conversely, the diversity of soil-adapted species was distributed over a broader geographical expanse, mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. Both cave and soil species had narrow distribution ranges, with a median value of 0.01 km2; only a few parthenogenetic species were distributed over multiple continents. The distribution of cave- and soil-adapted palpigrades was primarily explained by climatic conditions, and secondarily by nutrient and habitat availability. In the Alps, the distribution of cave-adapted species also bears the signature of historical events related to glaciation cycles. We observed, however, a pronounced people-species correlation, suggesting that the observed patterns are not generalizable to poorly explored areas. Main conclusions Our study highlights enormous gaps in current knowledge about the biogeography of palpigrades. Even if the information is largely incomplete and biased, we show how data can be harnessed to draw a preliminary picture of the global distribution patterns of palpigrades. Thus, we offer a jumping-off point for future studies on the macroecology and conservation of poorly known organisms.Item Iandumoema uai, A New Genus And Species Of Troglobitic Harvestman From Brazil (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)(Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 1996) Rocha, Ricardo PintoItem A New Species Of Charinus Simon, 1892 From Northeastern Brazil (Arachnida, Amblypygi, Charinidae)(Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro - Zoologia, 2002-04) Giupponi, Alessandro Ponce de Leão; Kury, Adriano B.Uma Nova Espécie de Charinus Simon, 1892 do Nordeste do Brasil (Arachnida, Amblypygi, Charinidae)Item Reencontro e "ocorrência curiosa" de Trichodamon froesi Mello-Leitão (Arachnida, Amblypygi)(Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 1993) Gouvêa, Edilson Pires- Three new cave-dwelling Eukoenenia (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) from limestone caves in Northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil(Magnolia Press, 2020-07-02) SOUZA, MAYSA FERNANDA VILLELA REZENDE; FERREIRA, RODRIGO LOPESIn this paper, we describe three new Eukoenenia species from specimens collected in limestone caves in the northern region of the Minas Gerais state, Brazil. These species present different degrees of adaptation to the subterranean habitat, with Eukoenenia magnasp. nov., with 6 blades on lateral organs and body ratios very close to other troglobitic species, being the most troglomorphic among them. This species is morphologically very similar to the Brazilian troglobites E. navi, E. eywa and E. neytiri. Eukoenenia lundisp. nov. and Eukoenenia jequitaisp. nov. are probably closely related species due to their substantial morphological resemblance. These two species are closer to E. virgemdalapa among the Brazilian species described to date. We provide a table summarizing the main diagnostic characters of the three species herein described and those of the Brazilian congeners to facilitate morphological comparisons.
Item Three new species of Eusarcus Perty, 1833 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) from Brazilian caves(2021) Santos-Júnior, Gilson Argolo; Ázara, Ludson Neves; Ferreira, Rodrigo LopesThree new species of Eusarcus Perty, 1833 are described from Brazilian caves, increasing the number of species of the genus to 40, eight of which have occurrences in caves. Eusarcus capixaba sp. nov. is described from Lapa do Sítio Paraíso Cave, municipality of Ecoporanga, state of Espírito Santo. Eusarcus marmoreus sp. nov. is described from Caverna Archimides Panssini Cave, municipality of Vargem Alta, state of Espírito Santo. Finally, Eusarcus xambioa sp. nov. is described from Caverna da Explosão Cave, municipality of Xambioá, state of Tocantins. Notes on the species’ habitats and a distribution map are also provided.- Three new species of Eusarcus Perty, 1833 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) from Brazilian caves(2021-03-23) Argolo dos Santos Júnior, Gilson; Neves de Ázara, Ludson; Lopes Ferreira, RodrigoThree new species of Eusarcus Perty, 1833 are described from Brazilian caves, increasing the number of species of the genus to 40, eight of which have occurrences in caves. Eusarcus capixaba sp. nov. is described from Lapa do Sítio Paraíso Cave, municipality of Ecoporanga, state of Espírito Santo. Eusarcus marmoreus sp. nov. is described from Caverna Archimides Panssini Cave, municipality of Vargem Alta, state of Espírito Santo. Finally, Eusarcus xambioa sp. nov. is described from Caverna da Explosão Cave, municipality of Xambioá, state of Tocantins. Notes on the species’ habitats and a distribution map are also provided.
- Three new species of Eusarcus Perty, 1833 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) from Brazilian caves(2021) SANTOS JÚNIOR, Gilson Argolo dos; ÁZARA, Ludson Neves de; FERREIRA, Rodrigo LopesThree new species of Eusarcus Perty, 1833 are described from Brazilian caves, increasing the number of species of the genus to 40, eight of which have occurrences in caves. Eusarcus capixabasp. nov. is described from Lapa do Sítio Paraíso Cave, municipality of Ecoporanga, state of Espírito Santo. Eusarcus marmoreus sp. nov. is described from Caverna Archimides Panssini Cave, municipality of Vargem Alta, state of Espírito Santo. Finally, Eusarcus xambioa sp. nov. is described from Caverna da Explosão Cave, municipality of Xambioá, state of Tocantins. Notes on the species’ habitats and a distribution map are also provided.
Item Two new cavernicolous species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Lagoa Santa karst, Minas Gerais, Brazil(2024-04-04) Schimonsky, Diego Monteiro VonTwo new pseudoscorpion species of the genus Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 are described from caves in the Lagoa Santa karst area in Southeast Brazil. Pseudochthonius limettioides sp. nov. was collected in ten caves and is a troglobite that lacks eyes and body pigmentation. Pseudochthonius lundi sp. nov. was collected in three caves and is considered a troglophile with only one pair of eyes. Both species might be threatened by mining projects and more studies are needed to better understand many aspects of their biology.