Navegando por Assunto "Amphibia"

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Artigo
A new species of flea-toad (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from southern Atlantic Forest, Brazil.
(Zootaxa, 2016-02-18) CONDEZ, THAIS HELENA; CONDEZ, THAIS HELENA; COMITTI, ESTEVÃO JASPER; GARCIA, PAULO CHRISTIANO DE ANCHIETTA; AMARAL, IVAN BOREL; HADDAD, CÉLIO FERNANDO BAPTISTA
We describe a new species of Brachycephalus that is morphologically similar to the flea-toads B. didactylus, B. hermogenesi, and B. pulex. The new species occurs from the sea level up to 1000 m and it is widely distributed throughout southern Atlantic Forest. Brachycephalus sulfuratus sp. nov. is distinguished from all of its congeners by the combination of the following characters: (1) small body size (SVL of adults: 7.4–8.5 mm for males and 9.0–10.8 mm for females); (2) “leptodactyliform” body; (3) pectoral girdle arciferal and less robust compared to the Brachycephalus species with “bufoniform” body; (4) procoracoid and epicoracoid fused with coracoid but separated from the clavicle by a large fenestrae; (5) toe I externally absent; toes II, III, IV, and V distinct; phalanges of toes II and V reduced; (6) skin smooth with no dermal ossifications; (7) in life, general background color brown with small dark-brown spots; skin of throat, chest, arms, and forearms with irregular yellow blotches; in ventral view, cloacal region of alive and preserved specimens surrounded by a dark-brown inverted v-shaped mark outlined with white; (8) advertisement call long, composed of a set of 4–7 high-frequency notes (6.2–7.2 kHz) repeated regularly.
Artigo
Fidelity in the use of iron caves by Bokermannohyla martinsi (Anura: Hylidae): a step further in unveiling the importance of Brazilian caves for the herpetofauna
(2021-10-30) de Andrade, Maurício Carlos Martins; Costa, Júlio César Rocha; Eterovick, Paula Cabral
Bokermannohyla martinsi is an endemic anuran from the mountains of the southernmost portion of the Espinhaço range in southeastern Brazil. This region is known as the Iron Quadrangle (Quadrilátero Ferrífero) due to its ironrich outcrops and is under intensive mining exploration, which threatens its caves. Here, we investigated whether males, females, and juveniles of B. martinsi use iron caves throughout the year, exhibit cave fidelity, distribute themselves differently within caves, and prefer to use caves that are microclimatically stable. We sampled 10 caves during eight 15-day periods regularly spaced throughout one year. Frogs used caves throughout the year and exhibited cave fidelity. They preferred the dysphotic zone, and young individuals remained closer to the entrance of the cave and to the ground, maybe due to their lower locomotory/climbing ability compared to adult frogs. Bokermannohyla martinsi preferred more stable caves (those with lower temperature and humidity variation), and the use of caves by females was more intensive during the dry and cold season, which may be related to their shorter permanence at breeding sites (streams). Our results show that caves are important habitats for B. martinsi, as it may be the case with other species, too, and their destruction should thus be evaluated and weighted with greater care when planning their mining.
Artigo
New records and geographic distribution map of Elachistocleis magnus Toledo, 2010 (Anura: Microhylidae)
(Check List, 2012-05-01) Strüssmann, Christine; Campos, Vitor Azarias; Rodrigues, Tainá Figueras Dorado; Almeida, Carlos Henrique L. N.; Toledo, Luís Felipe; Hoogmoed, Marinus Steven; Valadão, Rafael Martins
New locality records and distribution map for the recently described Elachistocleis magnus are here presented. Originally described from Rondônia state, western Brazil (Amazonia), E. magnus was until now recorded for only two additional localities in the same state. The new records presented herein, which considerably enlarge the known range of the species, include three additional Brazilian states – Amazonas, Pará, and Mato Grosso (including records in the Brazilian Cerrado). We provide color description of the species in life, and discuss variation in habitats used by this species.
Artigo
A new species of flea-toad (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from southern Atlantic Forest, Brazil.
(Zootaxa, 2016-02-18) CONDEZ, THAIS HELENA; MONTEIRO, JULIANE PETRY DE CARLI; COMITTI, ESTEVÃO JASPER; GARCIA, PAULO CHRISTIANO DE ANCHIETTA; AMARAL, IVAN BOREL; HADDAD, CÉLIO FERNANDO BAPTISTA
We describe a new species of Brachycephalus that is morphologically similar to the flea-toads B. didactylus, B. hermogenesi, and B. pulex. The new species occurs from the sea level up to 1000 m and it is widely distributed throughout southern Atlantic Forest. Brachycephalus sulfuratus sp. nov. is distinguished from all of its congeners by the combination of the following characters: (1) small body size (SVL of adults: 7.4–8.5 mm for males and 9.0–10.8 mm for females); (2) “leptodactyliform” body; (3) pectoral girdle arciferal and less robust compared to the Brachycephalus species with “bufoniform” body; (4) procoracoid and epicoracoid fused with coracoid but separated from the clavicle by a large fenestrae; (5) toe I externally absent; toes II, III, IV, and V distinct; phalanges of toes II and V reduced; (6) skin smooth with no dermal ossifications; (7) in life, general background color brown with small dark-brown spots; skin of throat, chest, arms, and forearms with irregular yellow blotches; in ventral view, cloacal region of alive and preserved specimens surrounded by a dark-brown inverted v-shaped mark outlined with white; (8) advertisement call long, composed of a set of 4–7 high-frequency notes (6.2–7.2 kHz) repeated regularly.
Artigo
The small and inconspicuous majority:
(Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2024) Mônico, Alexander Tamanini; Koch, Esteban Diego; Ferrão, Miquéias; Fernandes, Igor Yuri; Marques, Giselle Moura Guimarães; Chaparro, Juan Carlos; Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut; Lima, Albertina Pimentel; Fouquet, Antoine
With more than 600 recognized species, the genus Pristimantis is already the most diverse among vertebrates, but described species only represent a fraction of the actual diversity in this clade. This genus is widely distributed throughout the Neotropics and represents an interesting model for biogeographic studies because Pristimantis spp. are direct developing and generally have narrow ecological niches and low dispersal abilities. The P. unistrigatus species group is one of the most important components in the genus (ca. 200 recognized species) and has been supported by morphological but not by molecular evidence. We assessed the species boundaries and distribution in the P. unistrigatus species group and infer spatiotemporal patterns of diversification related to historical landscape changes in the Neotropics. We gathered three mitochondrial, and two nuclear DNA loci from 416 specimens throughout the range of the group, and including 68 nominal species. We redefine the group based on the obtained phylogeny and found 151 candidate species that composes it, with 83 of these remaining undescribed. We recovered 11 major clades within the group that diverged before 13 Ma. The diversification of the group started during the early Miocene most likely in northwestern South America, currently corresponding to western Amazonia and northern Andes. The other neotropical areas subsequently acted as sinks, receiving lineages mostly during the last 10 Ma, after the demise of the Pebas System and the setup of the modern Amazonian hydrographic system.
Artigo
The small and inconspicuous majority:
(Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2024-12) Mônico, Alexander Tamanini; Koch, Esteban Diego; Ferrão, Miquéias; Fernandes, Igor Yuri; Marques, Giselle Moura Guimarães; Chaparro, Juan Carlos; Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut; Lima, Albertina Pimentel; Fouquet, Antoine
With more than 600 recognized species, the genus Pristimantis is already the most diverse among vertebrates, but described species only represent a fraction of the actual diversity in this clade. This genus is widely distributed throughout the Neotropics and represents an interesting model for biogeographic studies because Pristimantis spp. are direct developing and generally have narrow ecological niches and low dispersal abilities. The P. unistrigatus species group is one of the most important components in the genus (ca. 200 recognized species) and has been supported by morphological but not by molecular evidence. We assessed the species boundaries and distribution in the P. unistrigatus species group and infer spatiotemporal patterns of diversification related to historical landscape changes in the Neotropics. We gathered three mitochondrial, and two nuclear DNA loci from 416 specimens throughout the range of the group, and including 68 nominal species. We redefine the group based on the obtained phylogeny and found 151 candidate species that composes it, with 83 of these remaining undescribed. We recovered 11 major clades within the group that diverged before 13 Ma. The diversification of the group started during the early Miocene most likely in northwestern South America, currently corresponding to western Amazonia and northern Andes. The other neotropical areas subsequently acted as sinks, receiving lineages mostly during the last 10 Ma, after the demise of the Pebas System and the setup of the modern Amazonian hydrographic system.